Quantum error correction from complexity in Brownian SYK

DOI10.1007/JHEP08(2023)071arXiv2301.07108MaRDI QIDQ6074077FDOQ6074077

Cathy Li, Harshit Rajgadia, Arjun Kar, Vijay Balasubramanian, Onkar Parrikar

Publication date: 12 October 2023

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the robustness of quantum error correction in a one-parameter ensemble of codes generated by the Brownian SYK model, where the parameter quantifies the encoding complexity. The robustness of error correction by a quantum code is upper bounded by the "mutual purity" of a certain entangled state between the code subspace and environment in the isometric extension of the error channel, where the mutual purity of a density matrix $h{o}_{AB}$ is the difference $mathcal{F}_{h}o(A:B)equivmathrmTr;h{o}_{AB}^2-mathrmTr;h{o}_A^2;mathrmTr;h{o}_B^2$. We show that when the encoding complexity is small, the mutual purity is $O(1)$ for the erasure of a small number of qubits (i.e., the encoding is fragile). However, this quantity decays exponentially, becoming $O(1/N)$ for $O(logN)$ encoding complexity. Further, at polynomial encoding complexity, the mutual purity saturates to a plateau of $O(e^{-N})$. We also find a hierarchy of complexity scales associated to a tower of subleading contributions to the mutual purity that quantitatively, but not qualitatively, adjust our error correction bound as encoding complexity increases. In the AdS/CFT context, our results suggest that any portion of the entanglement wedge of a general boundary subregion $A$ with sufficiently high encoding complexity is robustly protected against low-rank errors acting on $A$ with no prior access to the encoding map. From the bulk point of view, we expect such bulk degrees of freedom to be causally inaccessible from the region $A$ despite being encoded in it.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.07108

zbMATH Keywords

field theories in lower dimensions\(1/N\) expansionAdS-CFT correspondence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

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