Classification of Schubert Galois groups in Gr(4, 9)

DOI10.1007/S40598-022-00221-2MaRDI QIDQ6093958zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Abraham Martín del Campo, Frank Sottile, Robert Lee Williams

Publication date 12 September 2023

Published in Arnold Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.06809

zbMATH Keywords

Galois groupGrassmannianpermutation groupSchubert calculus

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Separable extensions, Galois theory (12F10) Inverse Galois theory (12F12) Classical problems, Schubert calculus (14N15)

Abstract: We classify Schubert problems in the Grassmannian of 4-planes in 9-dimensional space by their Galois groups. Of the 31,806 essential Schubert problems in this Grassmannian, there are only 149 whose Galois group does not contain the alternating group. We identify the Galois groups of these 149 -- each is an imprimitive permutation group. These 149 fall into two families according to their geometry. This study suggests a possible classification of Schubert problems whose Galois group is not the full symmetric group, and it begins to establish the inverse Galois problem for Schubert calculus.

Review text

\textit{R. Vakil} in [Ann. Math. (2) 164, No. 2, 371--422 (2006; Zbl 1163.05337)] and [Ann. Math. (2) 164, No. 2, 489--512 (2006; Zbl 1115.14043)] introduced an algorithmic method, based on his geometric version of the Littlewood-Richardson rule, to study the Galois group of a Schubert problem in a Grassmannian \(\operatorname{Gr}(k,n)\) of \(k\)-dimensional subspaces of \({\mathbb C}^n\). Vakil applied this method to show that every Schubert Galois group in \(\operatorname{Gr}(2,n)\) for \(n\leq 16\) and in \(\operatorname{Gr}(3,n)\) for \(n\leq 9\) is at least alternating. These results have been further extended by C. J. Brooks, A. Martín del Campo and F. Sottile [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 367, No. 6, 4183--4206 (2015; Zbl 1312.14127)] to show that for any \(n\) every Schubert Galois group in \(\operatorname{Gr}(2, n)\) contains an alternating group. Even more, Galois groups of Schubert problems in \(\operatorname{Gr}(4, 8)\) have been studied by \textit{A. Martín del Campo} and \textit{F. Sottile} [Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 71, 295--335 (2016; Zbl 1378.14056)] and \textit{F. Sottile} and \textit{J. White} [Algebr. Geom. 2, No. 4, 422--445 (2015; Zbl 1332.14068)]. In the paper under review the authors prove that of the 31 806 essential Schubert problems in the Grassmannian \(\operatorname{Gr}(4, 9)\) there are only 149 whose Galois group does not contain the alternating group. Moreover, they identify the Galois groups of these 149 exceptions and classify them, in two families, using their geometry.

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