Fourier orthogonal series on a paraboloid

DOI10.1007/S11854-022-0251-2MaRDI QIDQ6161892zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 28 June 2023

Published in Journal d'Analyse Mathématique (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.00247

Cesàro means Fourier series Jacobi polynomial paraboloid reproducing kernel

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Approximation by other special function classes (41A30) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05) Fourier series in special orthogonal functions (Legendre polynomials, Walsh functions, etc.) (42C10)

Abstract: We study orthogonal structures and Fourier orthogonal series on the surface of a paraboloid

m a t h b b V_{0}^{d + 1} = (x, t) : | x | = s q r t t,, x i n m a t h b b R^{d},, 0 l e t < 1

. The reproducing kernels of the orthogonal polynomials with respect to

on

m a t h b b V_{0}^{d + 1}

are related to the reproducing kernels of the Jacobi polynomials on the parabolic domain

(x_{1}, x_{2}) : x_{1}^{2} l e x_{2} l e 1

in

m a t h b b R^{2}

. This connection serves as an essential tool for our study of the Fourier orthogonal series on the surface of the paraboloid, which allow us, in particular, to study the convergence of the Ces`aro means on the surface. Analogous results are also established for the solid paraboloid bounded by

m a t h b b V_{0}^{d + 1}

and the hyperplane

t = 1

.

Review text

The author investigates the orthogonal structure on a paraboloid of revolution. For this purpose, the surface of the paraboloid \[ \mathbb{V}_0^{d+1} := \left\{(x,t)\in \mathbb{R}^d \times [0,1] : \|x\| = \sqrt{t}\right\} \] as well as the solid paraboloid \(\mathbb{V}^{d+1}\) bounded by \(\mathbb{V}_0^{d+1}\) and the hyperplane \(t = 1\) are considered. On the surface of the paraboloid, a family of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the weight function \(\varpi(t) := t^\beta (1-t)^\gamma\), named Jacobi polynomials on \(\mathbb{V}_0^{d+1}\), are studied. It is shown that these polynomials are eigenfunctions of a second-order differential operator but with the eigenvalues depending on two indices: the degree of the polynomials and the particular orthogonal basis. The Jacobi polynomials on the paraboloid do not possess an explicit addition formula. However, they are connected to a family of orthogonal polynomials on \(\mathbb{U}\), where \(\mathbb{U} := \{(x_1,x_2)\in \mathbb{R}^2 : x_1^2 \leq x_2 \leq 1\}\) is the parabolic domain bounded by the parabola \(x_2 = x^2_1\) and the line \(x_2 = 1\). It is shown that the reproducing kernels of the orthogonal polynomials on \(\mathbb{V}_0^{d+1}\) can be expressed in terms of the reproducing kernel on the parabola domain \(\mathbb U\), which provides the tool for studying Fourier orthogonal series on the paraboloid \(\mathbb{V}_0^{d+1}\). In particular, it allows the study of the convergence of Cesàro means of these series. In addition, it is shown that the connection to the structure on \(\mathbb U\) also extends to the solid paraboloid, which allows studying the Fourier orthogonal series on the solid paraboloid.

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