Exactly solvable anharmonic oscillator, degenerate orthogonal polynomials and Painlevé II

DOI10.1007/S00220-023-04877-5MaRDI QIDQ6202452zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors M. Bertola, E. Chavez-Heredia, Tamara Grava

Publication date 26 February 2024

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.16889

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Other special orthogonal polynomials and functions (33C47) Linear ordinary differential equations and systems in the complex domain (34M03) Spectral theory for ordinary differential operators in the complex domain (34M46)

Abstract: The paper addresses a conjecture of Shapiro and Tater on the similarity between two sets of points in the complex plane; on one side is the values of $tinmathbbC$ for which the spectrum of the quartic anharmonic oscillator in the complex plane ${\displaystyle }$frac{{ m d}^2 y}{{ m d}x^2} - ( x^4 + tx^2 + 2Jx )y = Lambda y, ${\displaystyle }$ with certain boundary conditions, has repeated eigenvalues. On the other side is the set of zeroes of the Vorob'ev-Yablonskii polynomials, i.e. the poles of rational solutions of the second Painlev'e equation. Along the way, we indicate a surprising and deep connection between the anharmonic oscillator problem and certain degenerate orthogonal polynomials.

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