Equivariant sheaves on flag varieties

Abstract: We show that the Borel-equivariant derived category of sheaves on the flag variety of a complex reductive group is equivalent to the perfect derived category of dg modules over the extension algebra of the direct sum of the simple equivariant perverse sheaves. This proves a conjecture of Soergel and Lunts in the case of flag varieties.

Review text

The main result of the paper under review describes the equivariant derived category of sheaves on the flag variety of a complex reductive group. More precisely, let \(G\) be a complex connected reductive affine algebraic group and \(B\subset P\subset G\) a Borel and a parabolic subgroup. \textit{J.\ Bernstein} and \textit{V.\ Lunts} [``Equivariant sheaves and functors, Lect.\ Notes Math.\ 1578 (1994; Zbl 0808.14038)] constructed the \(B\)-equivariant bounded constructible derived category \({\text D}^{\text b}_{B,c}(X)\) of sheaves of real vector spaces on \(X:=G/P\). If \(\mathcal{S}\) is the stratification of \(X\) into \(B\)-orbits, denote by \(\mathcal{I}\mathcal{C}_B(S) \in {\text D}^{\text b}_{B,c}(X)\) the equivariant intersection cohomology complex of the closure of the stratum \(S\in \mathcal{S}\). These objects are the simple equivariant perverse sheaves on \(X\). Denote by \(\mathcal{I}\mathcal{C}_B(\mathcal{S})\) their direct sum and by \(\mathcal{E}=\text{Ext}(\mathcal{I}\mathcal{C}_B(\mathcal{S}))\) its graded algebra of self-extensions in \({\text D}^{\text b}_{B,c}(X)\), which can be considered as a differential graded algebra with differential \(d=0\). Then the main result asserts that \({\text D}^{\text b}_{B,c}(X)\) and the perfect derived category \(\text{dgPer}(\mathcal{E})\) of \(\mathcal{E}\) (that is, the smallest strict triangulated subcategory of the derived category of dg \(\mathcal{E}\)-modules containing \(\mathcal{E}\) and closed under forming direct summands) are equivalent as triangulated categories. As a special case, the author also obtains a non-equivariant analogue, that is, an equivalence between \({\text D}^{\text b}(X,\mathcal{S})\), the full subcategory of \({\text D}^{\text b}(X)\) containing the \(\mathcal{S}\)-constructible objects, and \(\text{dgPer}(\mathcal{F})\), where \(\mathcal{F}\) is the algebra of self-extensions of the (non-equivariant) simple \(\mathcal{S}\)-constructible perverse sheaves. Furthermore, one can define a certain t-structure on \(\text{dgPer}(\mathcal{E})\) respectively on \(\text{dgPer}(\mathcal{F})\) and it turns out that the above mentioned equivalences are compatible with the t-structures and hence one gets algebraic descriptions of the categories of (equivariant) perverse sheaves.

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