Asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials for a weight with a jump on [-1,1]

DOI10.1007/S00365-010-9091-XMaRDI QIDQ628671zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ana Foulquié Moreno, Andrei Martínez Finkelshtein, V. L. Sousa Junior

Publication date 14 March 2011

Published in Constructive Approximation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0904.2514

zbMATH Keywords

asymptoticsconfluent hypergeometric functionsde Branges spacelocal behaviororthogonal polynomialsreproducing kernelRiemann-Hilbert analysisuniversalityzeros

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Confluent hypergeometric functions, Whittaker functions, ({}_1F_1) (33C15) Asymptotic approximations, asymptotic expansions (steepest descent, etc.) (41A60) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05) Hilbert spaces with reproducing kernels (= (proper) functional Hilbert spaces, including de Branges-Rovnyak and other structured spaces) (46E22)

Abstract: We consider the orthogonal polynomials on $[-1,1]$ with respect to the weight ${\displaystyle }$ w_c(x)=h(x)(1-x)^{alpha}(1+x)^{�eta} Xi_{c}(x), quad alpha, �eta >-1, ${\displaystyle }$ where $h$ is real analytic and strictly positive on $[-1,1]$, and $X{i}_c$ is a step-like function: $X{i}_c(x)=1$ for $xin[-1,0)$ and $X{i}_c(x)=c^2$, $c>0$, for $xin[0,1]$. We obtain strong uniform asymptotics of the monic orthogonal polynomials in $mathbbC$, as well as first terms of the asymptotic expansion of the main parameters (leading coefficients of the orthonormal polynomials and the recurrence coefficients) as $noinfty$. In particular, we prove for $w_c$ a conjecture of A. Magnus regarding the asymptotics of the recurrence coefficients. The main focus is on the local analysis at the origin. We study the asymptotics of the Christoffel-Darboux kernel in a neighborhood of the jump and show that the zeros of the orthogonal polynomials no longer exhibit the clock behavior. For the asymptotic analysis we use the steepest descendent method of Deift and Zhou applied to the non-commutative Riemann-Hilbert problems characterizing the orthogonal polynomials. The local analysis at $x=0$ is carried out in terms of the confluent hypergeometric functions. Incidentally, we establish some properties of these functions that may have an independent interest.

Review text

The authors study the asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials on the interval \([-1,1]\) with respect to a modified Jacobi weight function of the form \[ w_c(x)=h(x)(1-x)^{\alpha}(1+x)^{\beta}\Theta_c(x) \] with \(c>0\), \(\alpha>-1\) and \(\beta>-1\), \(h(x)\) is real analytic and strictly positive on \([-1,1]\) and \[ \Theta_c(x)=\begin{cases} 1, & -1\leq x<0\\c^2, & 0\leq x\leq 1.\end{cases} \] Note that \(\Theta_1(x)=1\); the corresponding weight \(w_1(x)\) was considered in [\textit{A. B. J. Kuijlaars, K. T.-R. McLaughlin, W. Van Assche} and \textit{M. Vanlesen}, Adv. Math. 188(2), 337--398 (2004; Zbl 1082.42017)]. For \(c\neq 1\) the main asymptotic difference between the polynomials orthogonal with respect to \(w_1\) and \(w_c\) lies in their behavior near the origin. The authors obtain strong uniform asymptotics of the monic orthogonal polynomials in \(\mathbb{C}\), as well as first terms of the asymptotic expansion of the main parameters (leading coefficients of the orthonormal polynomials and the recurrence coefficients) for \(n\rightarrow\infty\). In particular, a conjecture of A. Magnus is proved for \(w_c\) regarding the asymptotics of the recurrence coefficients. The main focus is on the local analysis at the origin. The asymptotics of the Christoffel-Darboux kernel is derived in a neighborhood of the jump and it is shown that the zeros of the orthogonal polynomials no longer exhibit so-called ``clock behavior which means that \[ \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{n}{\pi}(x_{j+1}^{(n)}-x_j^{(n)})=1,\quad j\in\mathbb{Z}, \] where \(x_j^{(n)}\) denotes a zero of the \(n\)th orthogonal polynomial.

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Cited in

(30)

• Asymptotics of polynomials orthogonal with respect to a logarithmic weight
• Zeros of orthogonal polynomials near an algebraic singularity of the measure
• Gaussian integration formulas for logarithmic weights and application to 2-dimensional solid-state lattices
• How much can the eigenvalues of a random Hermitian matrix fluctuate?
• The hard-to-soft edge transition: exponential moments, central limit theorems and rigidity
• Large gap asymptotics for Airy kernel determinants with discontinuities
• Semiclassical asymptotic behavior of orthogonal polynomials
• Universal relations in asymptotic formulas for orthogonal polynomials
• Asymptotics of polynomials orthogonal on a cross with a Jacobi-type weight
• Level repulsion for Schrödinger operators with singular continuous spectrum
• Universality for eigenvalue correlations from the unitary ensemble associated with a family of singular weights
• Pointwise asymptotics of the ratio of Jacobi-type polynomials
• Jump Distributions on [ -1, 1 ] whose Orthogonal Polynomials have Leading Coefficients with Given Asymptotic Behavior
• An update on local universality limits for correlation functions generated by unitary ensembles
• Painlevé XXXIV asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials for the Gaussian weight with a jump at the edge
• Construction and implementation of asymptotic expansions for Jacobi-type orthogonal polynomials
• Asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials with respect to an analytic weight with algebraic singularities on the circle
• Bulk universality holds in measure for compactly supported measures
• Scaling limits of polynomials and entire functions of exponential type
• Analytic scattering theory for Jacobi operators and Bernstein-Szegö asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials
• Spectral analysis of Jacobi operators and asymptotic behavior of orthogonal polynomials
• On Schur parameters in Steklov's problem
• Two universality results for polynomial reproducing kernels
• Asymptotic behavior and zero distribution of polynomials orthogonal with respect to Bessel functions
• Christoffel functions for weights with jumps
• On the Fredholm determinant of the confluent hypergeometric kernel with discontinuities
• Deformations of OP ensembles in a bulk critical scaling
• An approach to universality using Weyl m-functions
• Christoffel functions for weights with jumps
• On a conjecture of A. Magnus concerning the asymptotic behavior of the recurrence coefficients of the generalized Jacobi polynomials

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