The structure of arbitrary Conze-Lesigne systems
Arithmetic combinatorics; higher degree uniformity (11B30) Ergodic theory on groups (22D40) General groups of measure-preserving transformations (28D15) General groups of measure-preserving transformations and dynamical systems (37A15) Ergodic theorems, spectral theory, Markov operators (37A30) Entropy and other invariants, isomorphism, classification in ergodic theory (37A35) Relations between ergodic theory and number theory (37A44) Relations between ergodic theory and harmonic analysis (37A46)
\textit{H. Furstenberg}'s ergodic approach to Szemerédi's theorem [J. Anal. Math. 31, 204--256 (1977; Zbl 0347.28016)], which used in part what is now called the Furstenberg-Zimmer structure theorem for measure-preserving systems, led to extensive work on convergence of non-conventional ergodic averages. In particular \textit{B. Host} and \textit{B. Kra} [Ann. Math. (2) 161, No. 1, 397--488 (2005; Zbl 1077.37002)] and \textit{T. Ziegler} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 20, No. 1, 53--97 (2007; Zbl 1198.37014)] showed mean convergence of a large class of non-conventional ergodic averages via a refinement of the Furstenberg-Zimmer structure theory identifying a finer hierarchy of characteristic factors of various orders, with the order 2 factor being the Conze-Lesigne algebra used in an earlier special case, see [\textit{J.-P. Conze} and \textit{E. Lesigne}, Publ. Inst. Rech. Math. Rennes 1987, No. 1, 1--31 (1987; Zbl 0654.28012)]. Part of the significance of this work is the identification of these factors as inverse limits of translations on nilmanifolds. From a different point of view \textit{W. T. Gowers} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 8, No. 3, 529--551 (1998; Zbl 0907.11005); Geom. Funct. Anal. 11, No. 3, 465--588 (2001); Erratum 11, No. 4, 869 (2001; Zbl 1028.11005)] found a Fourier analytic approach to Szemerédi's theorem, introducing the field of higher-order Fourier analysis and placing `inverse theorems' (relating certain norms introduced by Gowers to correlation with functions derived from nilmanifolds) at the centre of developments. \textit{B. Green} et al. [Ann. Math. (2) 176, No. 2, 1231--1372 (2012; Zbl 1282.11007)] made significant progress on inverse theorems for cyclic groups, which (for example) was applied to find the correct asymptotics for primes in arithmetic progression by \textit{B. Green} and \textit{T. Tao} [Ann. Math. (2) 171, No. 3, 1753--1850 (2010; Zbl 1242.11071)], but the full picture is not yet complete. Relating the Host-Kra-Ziegler structure theory to the Green-Tao-Ziegler inverse theorems remains an appealing vision. Indeed, {B. Host} and {B. Kra} [loc. cit.] characterize the order \(k\) factors using Host-Kra-Gowers semi-norms of order \(k+1\), giving an infinitary counterpart of the Gowers uniformity norms. \N\NHere and in a companion paper by the first and third authors [Discrete Anal. 48, Paper No. 11 (2023)] we see contributions to this circle of ideas, and in particular further insights into the analogy. Between the two papers a Host-Kra structure theorem for arbitrary abelian systems of order 2 is found, and used to give a qualitative proof of the inverse theorem for Gowers uniformity norms of order \(3\) for arbitrary finite abelian groups via a correspondence principle.
- Ergodic structures and non-conventional ergodic theorems
- Strictly ergodic distal models and a new approach to the Host-Kra factors
- Multiple ergodic theorems for arithmetic sets
- Host-Kra factors for \(\bigoplus_{p \in P} \mathbb{Z} / p \mathbb{Z}\) actions and finite-dimensional nilpotent systems
- An inverse theorem for the uniformity seminorms associated with the action of \(\mathbb F_p^\infty\)
- A density version of the Hales-Jewett theorem
- A new proof of Szemerédi's theorem
- A new proof of Szemerédi's theorem for arithmetic progressions of length four
- An ergodic Szemerédi theorem for commuting transformations
- An inverse theorem for the Gowers \(U^{s+1}[N]\)-norm
- An inverse theorem for the uniformity seminorms associated with the action of \(\mathbb F_p^\infty\)
- An odd Furstenberg-Szemerédi theorem and quasi-affine systems
- An uncountable Mackey-Zimmer theorem
- An uncountable Moore–Schmidt theorem
- Coboundaries and Homomorphisms for Non-Singular Actions and a Problem of H. Helson
- Concatenation theorems for anti-Gowers-uniform functions and Host-Kra characteristic factors
- Convergence of Conze-Lesigne averages
- Ergodic actions with generalized discrete spectrum
- Ergodic behavior of diagonal measures and a theorem of Szemeredi on arithmetic progressions
- Ergodic theory and virtual groups
- Extensions of ergodic group actions
- Foundational aspects of uncountable measure theory: Gelfand duality, Riesz representation, canonical models, and canonical disintegration
- Higher order Fourier analysis
- Hilbert's fifth problem and related topics
- Host–Kra theory for -systems and multiple recurrence
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- Linear equations in primes
- Measures and integrals in conditional set theory
- Multiple ergodic averages in abelian groups and Khintchine type recurrence
- Nilpotent structures in ergodic theory
- Nilspace Factors for General Uniformity Seminorms, Cubic Exchangeability and Limits
- Nonconventional ergodic averages and nilmanifolds
- On higher-order Fourier analysis in characteristic p
- On sets of integers containing k elements in arithmetic progression
- On the three-body problem and the equations of dynamics
- Polynomial extensions of van der Waerden’s and Szemerédi’s theorems
- Proof of the quasi-ergodic hypothesis
- Strictly ergodic distal models and a new approach to the Host-Kra factors
- The inverse conjecture for the Gowers norm over finite fields in low characteristic
- The inverse conjecture for the Gowers norm over finite fields via the correspondence principle
- Théorèmes ergodiques pour des mesures diagonales
- Universal characteristic factors and Furstenberg averages
- Virtual groups and group actions
- On higher-order Fourier analysis in characteristic p
- Host-Kra factors for \(\bigoplus_{p \in P} \mathbb{Z} / p \mathbb{Z}\) actions and finite-dimensional nilpotent systems
- Simultaneous approximation in nilsystems and the multiplicative thickness of return-time sets
- On compact extensions of tracial W^-dynamical systems
- Equidistribution in 2-nilpotent Polish groups and triple restricted sumsets
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