The Camassa-Holm equation as an incompressible Euler equation: a geometric point of view

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2017.12.008zbMATH Open1391.35112arXiv1609.04006OpenAlexW2964062553MaRDI QIDQ683471FDOQ683471

Authors: Thomas O. Gallouët, François-Xavier Vialard 

Publication date: 6 February 2018

Published in: Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The group of diffeomorphisms of a compact manifold endowed with the L^2 metric acting on the space of probability densities gives a unifying framework for the incompressible Euler equation and the theory of optimal mass transport. Recently, several authors have extended optimal transport to the space of positive Radon measures where the Wasserstein-Fisher-Rao distance is a natural extension of the classical L^2-Wasserstein distance. In this paper, we show a similar relation between this unbalanced optimal transport problem and the Hdiv right-invariant metric on the group of diffeomorphisms, which corresponds to the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation in one dimension. On the optimal transport side, we prove a polar factorization theorem on the automorphism group of half-densities.Geometrically, our point of view provides an isometric embedding of the group of diffeomorphisms endowed with this right-invariant metric in the automorphisms group of the fiber bundle of half densities endowed with an L^2 type of cone metric. This leads to a new formulation of the (generalized) CH equation as a geodesic equation on an isotropy subgroup of this automorphisms group; On S1, solutions to the standard CH thus give particular solutions of the incompressible Euler equation on a group of homeomorphisms of R^2 which preserve a radial density that has a singularity at 0. An other application consists in proving that smooth solutions of the Euler-Arnold equation for the Hdiv right-invariant metric are length minimizing geodesics for sufficiently short times.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.04006

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zbMATH Keywords

optimal mass transportgroup of diffeomorphismsgeodesic equation on an isotropy subgroupWasserstein-Fisher-Rao distance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Initial value problems for nonlinear higher-order PDEs (35G25) Euler equations (35Q31)

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Cited In (10)

• Partial differential equations with quadratic nonlinearities viewed as matrix-valued optimal ballistic transport problems
• Generalized compressible flows and solutions of the \(H(\text{div})\) geodesic problem
• Geometric approach on the global conservative solutions of the Camassa-Holm equation
• A LIPSCHITZ METRIC FOR THE CAMASSA–HOLM EQUATION
• A new transportation distance with bulk/interface interactions and flux penalization
• Differential invariants of Camassa-Holm equation
• Square Root Normal Fields for Lipschitz Surfaces and the Wasserstein Fisher Rao Metric
• On Optimal Transport of Matrix-Valued Measures
• Global weak conservative solutions of the \(\mu \)-Camassa-Holm equation
• The Camassa-Holm equation as a geodesic flow for the $H^1$ right-invariant metric

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