Coideal subalgebras of quantum SL₂ at roots of unity

Hopf algebras and their applications (16T05) Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37) Quantum groups and related algebraic methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R50)

Review text

For an odd root of unity \(q\) of order \(N\), the authors classify \textit{all} right coideal subalgebras of the small quantum group \(\overline{U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)\) and its dual \(\overline{\mathcal{O}}_q(\mathrm{SL}_2)\). The main tool is a general generation theorem (Theorems 3.2--3.3) for Hopf algebras obtained by lifting finite quantum linear spaces; it yields explicit generators via skew-derivations \(\partial_i\) that detect leading terms. The resulting list (Theorem 4.1) contains:\N\begin{itemize}\N\item \(\overline{U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)\), \(\langle K^r\rangle\), \(\langle K^r,E\rangle\), \(\langle K^r,\tilde F\rangle\) for \(r\mid N\);\N\item \(\langle E+\alpha\tilde F+\beta K\rangle\) with \((\alpha,\beta)\neq (0,0)\), \quad \(\langle \tilde F+\beta K\rangle\) with \(\beta\neq 0\);\N\item \(\langle E+\lambda K,\tilde F+\mu K\rangle\) with \((1-q^2)\lambda\mu=1\).\N\end{itemize}\NMinimal polynomials, dimensions, and semisimplicity criteria are given. Using Masuoka-Skryabin duality, the corresponding coideals of \(\overline{\mathcal{O}}_q(\mathrm{SL}_2)\) are also described by generators and relations. The paper closes with applications: normality tests, orbit finiteness under Hopf automorphisms, and examples of simple algebras in \(\mathrm{Rep}\,\overline{U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)\).\N\NThis work completes a fundamental open case in the classification of quantum homogeneous spaces and provides versatile techniques applicable to higher-rank or other Nichols-type Hopf algebras.

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