Ranks of soft operators in nowhere scattered C^*-algebras
C*-algebraCuntz semigroupdimension functionglobal Glimm propertyquasitracerank of operatorscatterednesssoft operators
Continuous lattices and posets, applications (06B35) Ordered semigroups and monoids (06F05) (K_0) as an ordered group, traces (19K14) General theory of (C^*)-algebras (46L05) Classifications of (C^*)-algebras (46L35) (K)-theory and operator algebras (including cyclic theory) (46L80) Noncommutative topology (46L85)
The authors study the problem of realizing tracial states (or, rather, quasitraces) as ranks of operators. In particular, one of the main objects of study is \(\text{QT}(A)\), the cone of lower-semicontinuous, extended-valued 2-quasitraces on \(A\). As the authors mention in the introduction, each such quasi-trace \(\tau\) defines a map\N\[\Nd_\tau \colon (A \otimes \mathbb{K})_+ \to [0, \infty], \text{ where } d_\tau(a) := \lim_{n \to \infty} \tau(a^{1/n}).\N\]\NThe \textit{rank problem} is to determine which functions on \(\text{QT}(A)\) arise as above. The paper, nevertheless, approaches this from a more general setting: that of studying C*-algebras with the \textit{global Glimm property}, see Subsection~2.3 in the text.\N\N{Definition (see 2.3).} \(A\) has the \textit{global Glimm property} if for every \(a \in A_+\) and \(\varepsilon > 0\), there is some \(b \in \overline{aAa}\) such that \(b^2 = 0\) and \((a-\varepsilon)_+ \in \overline{\text{span}}\, AbA\).\N\NThe above was given in \N[\textit{E.~Kirchberg} and \textit{M.~Rørdam}, Adv. Math. 167, No.~2, 195--264 (2002; Zbl 1030.46075), \NDefinition~4.12], and always implies that \(A\) is nowhere scattered (i.e., \(J/I\) is never elementary for any pair of ideals \(I \subseteq J \subseteq A\)). Another notion of interest for the paper is that of \textit{soft} element, where \(a \in A\) is \textit{soft} if it generates a hereditary C*-algebra with no non-zero trivial quotients. The main result of the paper then reads as follows:\N\N{Theorem A.} Let \(A \cong A \otimes \mathbb{K}\) have the \textit{global Glimm property}. Then any \(d_\cdot(a)\) can be realized by a soft element, that is, for every \(a \in A\) there is some soft \(b \in A\) such that \(b\) is Cuntz-subequivalent to \(a\) and, moreover, \(d_\tau(a) = d_\tau(b).\)\N\NThe theorem above has a number of consequences (the most relevant ones listed as Theorem~B, C, D and E in the manuscript). For instance, Theorem~B proves that \(\text{QT}(A)\) is naturally isomorphic to the set of functionals on the soft part of the Cuntz semigroup of \(A\), denoted by \(\text{Cu}(A)_{\mathrm{soft}}\). Likewise, Theorem~D shows some consequences of Theorem~A in the \textit{Toms-Winter Conjecture}. In particular, it shows that the dimension of \(\text{Cu}(A)\) is either that of \(\text{Cu}(A)_{\mathrm{soft}}\) or one more.
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