The Fadell-Rabinowitz index and multiplicity of non-contractible closed geodesics on Finsler R P^n

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2016.11.015MaRDI QIDQ729958zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Hui Liu

Publication date 22 December 2016

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.07292

zbMATH Keywords

Fadell-Rabinowitz indexmultiplicitynon-contractible closed geodesicsPoincaré seriesreal projective space

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22) Global differential geometry of Finsler spaces and generalizations (areal metrics) (53C60) Abstract critical point theory (Morse theory, Lyusternik-Shnirel'man theory, etc.) in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E05) Variational problems in applications to the theory of geodesics (problems in one independent variable) (58E10)

Abstract: In this paper, we prove that for every irreversible Finsler $n$-dimensional real projective space $(mathbbR{P}^n,F)$ with reversibility $lambda$ and flag curvature $K$ satisfying $frac169left(fraclambda1+lambdaight{)}^2<Kle1$ with $lambda<3$, there exist at least $n-1$ non-contractible closed geodesics. In addition, if the metric $F$ is bumpy with $frac6425left(fraclambda1+lambdaight{)}^2<Kle1$ and $lambda<frac53$, then there exist at least $2[fracn+12]$ non-contractible closed geodesics, which is the optimal lower bound due to Katok's example. The main ingredients of the proofs are the Fadell-Rabinowitz index theory of non-contractible closed geodesics on $(mathbbR{P}^n,F)$ and the $S^1$-equivariant Poincar$acutee$ series of the non-contractible component of the free loop space on $mathbbR{P}^n$.

Review text

The author studies the existence of non-contractible closed geodesics on real projective space \(\mathbb{R}P^n\) with an irreversible Finsler metric \(F\). A Finsler metric \(F\) on a manifold \(M\) is called \textit{bumpy} if all closed geodesics \(c\) on \((M,F)\) are non-degenerate, i.e., \(1\not\in\sigma(P_c)\), \(P_c\) being the linearized Poincaré map of \(c\). The three main results of the paper are the following: Theorem 1. On every irreversible Finsler \(n\)-dimensional real projective space \((\mathbb{R}P^n,F)\) with reversibility \(\lambda\) and flag curvature \(K\) satisfying \({16\over 9}\big({\lambda\over{1+\lambda}}\big)^2<K\leq 1\) with \(\lambda<3\), there exist at least \(n-1\) non-contractible closed geodesics. Theorem 2. On every bumpy irreversible Finsler \(n\)-dimensional real projective space \((\mathbb{R}P^n,F)\) with reversibility \(\lambda\) and flag curvature \(K\) satisfying \({64\over 25}\big({\lambda\over{1+\lambda}}\big)^2<K\leq 1\) with \(\lambda<{5\over 3}\), there exist at least \(2[{n+1\over 2}]\) non-contractible closed geodesics. Theorem 3. On every irreversible Finsler \(n\)-dimensional real projective space \((\mathbb{R}P^n,F)\) with reversibility \(\lambda\) and flag curvature \(K\) satisfying \({4m^2\over (n-1)^2}\big({\lambda\over{1+\lambda}}\big)^2<K\leq 1\) with \({n-1\over2}\leq m<n-1\) and \(\lambda<{n-1\over 2m-n+1}\), there exist at least \(m+1\) non-contractible closed geodesics. The main ingredients of the proofs are the Fadell-Rabinowitz index theory of non-contractible closed geodesics on \((\mathbb{R}P^n,F)\) and the \(S^1\)-equivariant Poincaré series of the non-contractible component of the free loop space on \(\mathbb{R}P^n\).

Recommendations

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Cited in

(10)

• The existence of two non-contractible closed geodesics on every bumpy Finsler compact space form
• The non-contractibility of closed geodesics on Finsler \(\mathbb{R} P^n\)
• A review of the index method in closed geodesic problem
• Multiplicity of non-contractible closed geodesics on Finsler compact space forms
• Resonance identity and multiplicity of non-contractible closed geodesics on Finsler \(\mathbb{R} P^n\)
• The optimal lower bound estimation of the number of closed geodesics on Finsler compact space form \(S^{2n+1}/ \Gamma \)
• Multiplicity of closed geodesics on bumpy Finsler manifolds with elliptic closed geodesics
• The growth of the number of periodic orbits for annulus homeomorphisms and non-contractible closed geodesics on Riemannian or Finsler \(\mathbb{R} P^2\)
• Generic existence of infinitely many non-contractible closed geodesics on compact space forms
• The irrational ratio of average indices of closed geodesics on positively curved Finsler spheres

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