The limitations of the Poincaré inequality for Grušin type operators

DOI10.1007/S00028-014-0227-5zbMATH Open1488.35254arXiv1305.6998OpenAlexW1982533535MaRDI QIDQ742226FDOQ742226

Authors: Derek W. Robinson, Adam S. Sikora 

Publication date: 18 September 2014

Published in: Journal of Evolution Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We examine the validity of the Poincar'e inequality for degenerate, second-order, elliptic operators $H$ in divergence form on $L_2(R{i}^{n}imesR{i}^m)$. We assume the coefficients are real symmetric and $a_1{H}_{d}eltageqHgeq{a}_2{H}_{d}elta$ for some $a_1,a_2>0$ where $H_{d}elta$ is a generalized Gruv{s}in operator, [ H_delta=-

abla_{x_1},|x_1|^{(2delta_1,2delta_1')}, abla_{x_1}-|x_1|^{(2delta_2,2delta_2')},

abla_{x_2}^2 ;. ] Here $x_{1}inR{i}^n$, $x_{2}inR{i}^m$, $delt{a}_1,delt{a_1}^{\prime }in[0,1angle$, $delt{a}_2,delt{a_2}^{\prime }geq0$ and $|x_1{|}^{(2delta,2delt{a}^{\prime })}=|x_1{|}^{2delta}$ if $|x_1|leq1$ and $|x_1{|}^{(2delta,2delt{a}^{\prime })}=|x_1{|}^{2delt{a}^{\prime }}$ if $|x_1|geq1$. smallskip We prove that the Poincar'e inequality, formulated in terms of the Riemannian geometry corresponding to $H$, is valid if $ngeq2$, or if $n=1$ and $delt{a}_{1}veedelt{a_1}^{\prime }in[0,1/2angle$ but it fails if $n=1$ and $delt{a}_{1}veedelt{a_1}^{\prime }in[1/2,1angle$. The failure is caused by the leading term. If $delt{a}_{1}in[1/2,1angle$ it is an effect of the local degeneracy $|x_1{|}^{2delt{a}_1}$ but if $delt{a}_{1}in[0,1/2angle$ and $delt{a_1}^{\prime }in[1/2,1angle$ it is an effect of the growth at infinity of $|x_1{|}^{2delt{a_1}^{\prime }}$. If $n=1$ and $delt{a}_{1}in[1/2,1angle$ then the semigroup $S$ generated by the Friedrichs' extension of $H$ is not ergodic. The subspaces $x_{1}geq0$ and $x_{1}leq0$ are $S$-invariant and the Poincar'e inequality is valid on each of these subspaces. If, however, $n=1$, $delt{a}_{1}in[0,1/2angle$ and $delt{a_1}^{\prime }in[1/2,1angle$ then the semigroup $S$ is ergodic but the Poincar'e inequality is only valid locally. smallskip Finally we discuss the implication of these results for the kernel of the semigroup $S$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.6998

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Degenerate elliptic equations (35J70) Heat and other parabolic equation methods for PDEs on manifolds (58J35) Subelliptic equations (35H20)

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Cited In (9)

• Hardy inequalities, Rellich inequalities and local Dirichlet forms
• Analysis of degenerate elliptic operators of Grušin type
• Lie group approach to Grushin operators
• The limitations of the Poincaré inequality for Grušin type operators
• Homogeneous algebras via heat kernel estimates
• Nonnegative solutions of a fractional differential inequality on Grushin spaces and nilpotent Lie groups
• A unified approach to degenerate problems in the half-space
• Grušin operators, Riesz transforms and nilpotent Lie groups
• Gradient estimates for heat kernels and harmonic functions

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