Computation of whiskered invariant tori and their associated manifolds: new fast algorithms
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Numerical methods for Hamiltonian systems including symplectic integrators (65P10) Nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems, KAM theory (70H08) Approximation methods and numerical treatment of dynamical systems (37M99) Computational methods for problems pertaining to mechanics of particles and systems (70-08)
Abstract: In this paper we present efficient algorithms for the computation of several invariant objects for Hamiltonian dynamics. More precisely, we consider KAM tori (i.e diffeomorphic copies of the torus such that the motion on them is conjugated to a rigid rotation) both Lagrangian tori (of maximal dimension) and whiskered tori (i.e. tori with hyperbolic directions which, together with the tangents to the torus and the symplectic conjugates span the whole tangent space). In the case of whiskered tori, we also present algorithms to compute the invariant splitting and the invariant manifolds associated to the splitting. We present them both for the case of discrete time and for differential equations. The algorithms are based on a Newton method to solve an appropriately chosen functional equation that expresses invariance. The algorithms are efficient: if we discretize the objects by elements, one step of the Newton method requires only O(N) storage and operations. Furthermore, if the object we consider is of dimension , we only need to compute functions of variables, independently of what is the dimension of the phase space. The algorithms do not require that the system is presented in action-angle variables nor that it is close to integrable. The algorithms are backed up by rigorous emph{a-posteriori} bounds which state that if the equations are solved with a small residual and some explicitly computable condition numbers are not too big, then, there is a true solution which is close to the computed one. The algorithms apply both to primary (i.e non-contractible) and secondary tori (i.e. contractible to a torus of lower dimension, such as islands). They have already been implemented. We will report on the technicalities of the implementation and the results of running them elsewhere.
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