Cocycles of G-Alexander biquandles and G-Alexander multiple conjugation biquandles

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2020.107512MaRDI QIDQ820654zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Atsushi Ishii, Masahide Iwakiri, Seiichi Kamada, Jieon Kim, Shosaku Matsuzaki, Kanako Oshiro

Publication date 27 September 2021

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.11292

zbMATH Keywords

\(G\)-Alexander biquandles\(G\)-Alexander multiple conjugation biquandlesbiquandlescocycle invariantsquandles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Generalized knots (virtual knots, welded knots, quandles, etc.) (57K12)

Abstract: Biquandles and multiple conjugation biquandles are algebras which are related to links and handlebody-links in $3$-space. Cocycles of them can be used to construct state-sum type invariants of links and handlebody-links. In this paper we discuss cocycles of a certain class of biquandles and multiple conjugation biquandles, which we call $G$-Alexander biquandles and $G$-Alexander multiple conjugation biquandles, with a relationship with group cocycles. We give a method to obtain a (biquandle or multiple conjugation biquandle) cocycle of them from a group cocycle.

Review text

It is well-known that quandle 2-cocycles and 3-cocycles can be used to construct invariants of knots and links. A multiple conjugation quandle is an algebra motivated by handlebody-links. The notion of a quandle and a multiple conjugation quandle can be generalised to biquandles and multiple conjugation biquandles, respectively. A (co)homology theory of multiple conjugation biquandles is also known and it can be used to construct invariants of handlebody-links through 2-cocycles and 3-cocycles. This makes the construction of such cocycles an interesting problem, which is considered in the paper under review. The authors introduce \(G\)-Alexander biquandles and \(G\)-Alexander multiple conjugation biquandles for a group \(G\). It is known due to \textit{T. Nosaka} that, for a given group \(G\), a \(G\)-module \(M\) and a \(G\)-invariant group cocycle of the \(G\)-family \(M\), a cocycle of the associated quandle \(M \times G\) can be constructed using invariant theory [Adv. Math. 245, 423--438 (2013; Zbl 1287.55002)]. The authors show that a cocycle of the \(G\)-Alexander multiple conjugation biquandle can be obtained from a group cocycle. Since any \(G\)-invariant multilinear map provides a \(G\)-invariant group cocycle, this yields many cocycles of the biquandle.

Recommendations

• Homology for quandles with partial group operations
• Biquandle (co)homology and handlebody-links
• A relationship between multiple conjucation quandle/biquandle colorings
• Twisted quandle homology theory and cocycle knot invariants
• Linear extensions of multiple conjugation quandles and MCQ Alexander pairs
• On sufficiency of the definition of MCQ Alexander pairs in terms of invariants for handlebody-knots
• Quandle cocycles from invariant theory
• Affine extensions of multiple conjugation quandles and augmented MCQ Alexander pairs
• On 4-cocycles of Alexander quandles on finite fields
• A \(G\)-family of quandles and handlebody-knots

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Cited in

(6)

• Quandle cocycles from invariant theory
• The 3-cocycles of the Alexander quandles \(\mathbb F_q[T]/(T-\omega)\)
• Biquandle (co)homology and handlebody-links
• Linear extensions of multiple conjugation quandles and MCQ Alexander pairs
• A relationship between multiple conjucation quandle/biquandle colorings
• (Co)homology of racks and multiple group racks for compact oriented surfaces in the 3-sphere

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