An application of principal stratification to control for institutionalization at follow-up in studies of substance abuse treatment programs

DOI10.1214/08-AOAS179MaRDI QIDQ958331zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Beth Ann Griffin, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Andrew R. Morral

Publication date 3 December 2008

Published in The Annals of Applied Statistics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0811.1831

zbMATH Keywords

causal inferenceprincipal stratificationinstitutionalizationpost-treatment confounder

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Censored data models (62N01) Estimation in survival analysis and censored data (62N02) Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis (62P10) Applications of statistics to social sciences (62P25)

Abstract: Participants in longitudinal studies on the effects of drug treatment and criminal justice system interventions are at high risk for institutionalization (e.g., spending time in an environment where their freedom to use drugs, commit crimes, or engage in risky behavior may be circumscribed). Methods used for estimating treatment effects in the presence of institutionalization during follow-up can be highly sensitive to assumptions that are unlikely to be met in applications and thus likely to yield misleading inferences. In this paper we consider the use of principal stratification to control for institutionalization at follow-up. Principal stratification has been suggested for similar problems where outcomes are unobservable for samples of study participants because of dropout, death or other forms of censoring. The method identifies principal strata within which causal effects are well defined and potentially estimable. We extend the method of principal stratification to model institutionalization at follow-up and estimate the effect of residential substance abuse treatment versus outpatient services in a large scale study of adolescent substance abuse treatment programs. Additionally, we discuss practical issues in applying the principal stratification model to data. We show via simulation studies that the model can only recover true effects provided the data meet strenuous demands and that there must be caution taken when implementing principal stratification as a technique to control for post-treatment confounders such as institutionalization.

Recommendations

• Methodology for Evaluating a Partially Controlled Longitudinal Treatment Using Principal Stratification, With Application to a Needle Exchange Program
• Principal stratification in causal inference
• Principal stratification with predictors of compliance for randomized trials with 2 active treatments
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2222304
• Randomization-based inference within principal strata

Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3837235 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 44277 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3567782 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1163998 (Why is no real title available?)
• An application of principal stratification to control for institutionalization at follow-up in studies of substance abuse treatment programs
• Choosing initial values for the EM algorithm for finite mixtures
• Choosing starting values for the EM algorithm for getting the highest likelihood in multivariate Gaussian mixture models
• Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and the label switching problem in Bayesian mixture modeling
• Principal stratification in causal inference
• Statistics and Causal Inference
• The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
• Types of likelihood maxima in mixture models and their implication on the performance of tests

Cited in

(7)

• An application of principal stratification to control for institutionalization at follow-up in studies of substance abuse treatment programs
• Methodology for Evaluating a Partially Controlled Longitudinal Treatment Using Principal Stratification, With Application to a Needle Exchange Program
• Sensitivity analysis for principal ignorability violation in estimating complier and noncomplier average causal effects
• Handling parametric assumptions in principal causal effect estimation using Gaussian mixtures
• A likelihood-based analysis for relaxing the exclusion restriction in randomized experiments with noncompliance
• The potential for bias in principal causal effect estimation when treatment received depends on a key covariate
• Large sample bounds on the survivor average causal effect in the presence of a binary covariate with conditionally ignorable treatment assignment

This page was built for publication: An application of principal stratification to control for institutionalization at follow-up in studies of substance abuse treatment programs

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q958331)