The role of the central limit theorem in discovering sharp rates of convergence to equilibrium for the solution of the Kac equation

Abstract: In Dolera, Gabetta and Regazzini [Ann. Appl. Probab. 19 (2009) 186-201] it is proved that the total variation distance between the solution

f (c d o t, t)

of Kac's equation and the Gaussian density

(0, s i g m a^{2})

has an upper bound which goes to zero with an exponential rate equal to -1/4 as

t o + i n f t y

. In the present paper, we determine a lower bound which decreases exponentially to zero with this same rate, provided that a suitable symmetrized form of

f_{0}

has nonzero fourth cumulant

k a p p a_{4}

. Moreover, we show that upper bounds like

are valid for some

h o_{d e l t a}

vanishing at infinity when

i n t_{m a t h b b R} | v |^{4 + d e l t a} f_{0} (v), d v < + i n f t y

for some

d e l t a

in

[0, 2 [

and

k a p p a_{4} = 0

. Generalizations of this statement are presented, together with some remarks about non-Gaussian initial conditions which yield the insuperable barrier of -1 for the rate of convergence.

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