Sign-changing solutions of the nonlinear heat equation with persistent singularities

Abstract: We study the existence of sign-changing solutions to the nonlinear heat equation

p a r t i a l_{t} u = D e l t a u + | u |^{a} l p h a u

on

{m a t h b b R}^{N}

,

N g e 3

, with

f r a c 2 N - 2 < a l p h a < a l p h a_{0}

, where

a l p h a_{0} = f r a c 4 N - 4 + 2 s q r t N - 1 i n (f r a c 2 N - 2, f r a c 4 N - 2)

, which are singular at

x = 0

on an interval of time. In particular, for certain

m u > 0

that can be arbitrarily large, we prove that for any

u_{0} i n m a t h r m L^{i} n f t y_{m a t h r m l o c} ({m a t h b b R}^{N} s e t m i n u s 0)

which is bounded at infinity and equals

m u | x |^{- f r a c 2 a l p h a}

in a neighborhood of

0

, there exists a local (in time) solution

u

of the nonlinear heat equation with initial value

u_{0}

, which is sign-changing, bounded at infinity and has the singularity

at the origin in the sense that for

t > 0

,

as

| x | o 0

, where

. These solutions in general are neither stationary nor self-similar.

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