Sign changes of Hecke eigenvalues

DOI10.1007/S00039-015-0350-7MaRDI QIDQ903083zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Kaisa Matomäki, Maksym Radziwiłł

Publication date 4 January 2016

Published in Geometric and Functional Analysis. GAFA (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.7671, https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180612-093441157

zbMATH Keywords

Hecke eigenvalueMaass cusp formsign changes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hecke-Petersson operators, differential operators (one variable) (11F25) Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms (11F30) Forms of half-integer weight; nonholomorphic modular forms (11F37)

Abstract: Let $f$ be a holomorphic or Maass Hecke cusp form for the full modular group and write $lambd{a}_f(n)$ for the corresponding Hecke eigenvalues. We are interested in the signs of those eigenvalues. In the holomorphic case, we show that for some positive constant $delta$ and every large enough $x$, the sequence $(lambd{a}_f(n){)}_{nleqx}$ has at least $deltax$ sign changes. Furthermore we show that half of non-zero $lambd{a}_f(n)$ are positive and half are negative. In the Maass case, it is not yet known that the coefficients are non-lacunary, but our method is robust enough to show that on the relative set of non-zero coefficients there is a positive proportion of sign changes. In both cases previous lower bounds for the number of sign changes were of the form $x^{delta}$ for some $delta<1$.

Review text

Let \(f\) be either a holomorphic modular form or a Maass form of level 1 which is a cusp form and a Hecke eigenform, and let \(\lambda_f(n)\) denote the \(n\)-th Fourier coefficient of \(f\). The authors study the number of sign changes in the sequence of non-zero \(\lambda_f(n)\). Their first result shows that if \(f\) is holomorphic then aymptotically half the non-zero \(\lambda_f(n)\) are positive and half are negative. A similar result for Maass forms is due to \textit{P. D. T. A. Elliott} and \textit{J. Kish} [J. Math. Sci., Tokyo 23, No. 3, 615--658 (2016; Zbl 1414.11118)]. They then show that, in both the holomorphic and Maass form cases, there is a positive proportion of sign changes in the sequence of non-zero \(\lambda_f(n)\). This improves prior results of \textit{Y.-K. Lau} and \textit{J. Wu} [Math. Z. 263, No. 4, 959--970 (2009; Zbl 1242.11030)] and \textit{Y. J. Choie} et al. [in: Number theory and applications. Proceedings of the international conferences on number theory and cryptography, Allahabad, India, December 2006 and February 2007. New Delhi: Hindustan Book Agency. 25--32 (2009; Zbl 1247.11077)]. As a corollary, the authors show that if \(f\) is a holomorphic Hecke eigenform of level one then there exists a constant \(c>0\) such that for all \(x\) sufficiently large, \(|\sum_{n\leq x} \text{{sgn}}(\lambda_f(n))\,\text{{sgn}}(\lambda_f(n+1))|\leq (1-c) x.\)

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Cited in

(37)

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