Spatio-temporal dynamics of reaction-diffusion patterns
absolute spectrumattractorcenter manifoldessential spectrumfilamentnodal propertiesscroll wavesspiral wavesSturm attractor
Bifurcations in context of PDEs (35B32) Attractors (35B41) Nonlinear parabolic equations (35K55) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-02) Dynamical aspects of attractors and their bifurcations (37G35) Normal forms, center manifold theory, bifurcation theory for infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems (37L10) Attractors and their dimensions, Lyapunov exponents for infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems (37L30)
In this survey article, the authors present their results on the behaviour of infinite-dimensional dynamical systems generated by parabolic partial differential equations \[ u_t = D\Delta u +f(x,u,\nabla u) \] with \(x\in\Omega\) for some bounded or unbounded domain \(\Omega\). The authors do not aim at a complete treatment of the subject (which is far beyond the scope of a single article) but succeed in explaining typical features, mostly connected to some space dimensions: global attractors and travelling waves in 1-D, spiral waves in 2-D and scroll waves in three-dimensional domains. For the case of a scalar equation in a bounded one-dimensional domain, a very detailed description of the long-time behaviour is available. Under some dissipativity condition, all solutions exist globally in time. Moreover, using a gradient-like structure and nodal properties, the global attractor can be described as a collection of stationary solutions, rotating waves and heteroclinic orbits. In one-dimensional unbounded domains, the role of travelling waves is highlighted. As a prerequisite for the case of two-dimensional domains, Fredholm properties of the linearization and the role of point and essential spectrum are discussed. In particular, the interaction of a travelling front with a Turing instability at one of the limiting states is discussed in detail. This poses a major problem since at the bifurcation point the essential spectrum of the linearization touches the imaginary axis. As a consequence, the linearized operator is not a Fredholm operator such that Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction cannot be applied. To resolve this problem, the spatial dynamics formulation is used. Without presenting detailed proofs, the geometric ideas lying behind the bifurcation results are explained very nicely in a way which is accessible to readers familiar with finite-dimensional nonlinear dynamics. Another aspect is the connection between solutions in large bounded and in unbounded domains. The notion of absolute spectrum introduced by Sandstede and Scheel is used to relate stability properties of solutions on the whole real line to those on a large interval under different boundary conditions. The next chapter on solutions in two space dimension focusses on the existence and stability of spiral waves. A variant of spatial dynamics in polar coordinates is used to show how Archimedean spiral solutions can bifurcate from a spatially homogeneous state. Next, bifurcations from spiral waves such as meandering or drifting of the spiral tip are studied. Here, the main tool consists of a center manifold under the presence of a noncompact (Euclidean) symmetry group. In addition, Sandstede and Scheel have examined instabilities of spiral waves under various assumptions on the spectrum of the linearization. Different possibilities are explained in detail and are related to numerical and chemical experiments. In particular, instabilities caused by point or essential spectrum are identified with the so-called core and farfield breakup. This survey article provides an excellent nontechnical introduction to the qualitative analysis of parabolic PDEs by methods from nonlinear dynamics. Since many geometric ideas are presented, the interested reader can gain a lot of insight into the long-time behaviour of these dynamical systems. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1001.00073].
- Dynamics of patterns. Abstracts from the workshop held December 14th -- December 20th, 2008.
- Stationary spacial patterns for a reaction-diffusion system with an excitable steady state
- Spatial and spatio-temporal reaction-diffusion patterns in heterogeneous media
- Spatiotemporal patterns in a two-dimensional reaction-diffusion-convection system: Effect of transport parameters.
- Topological invariants and solutions with a high complexity for scalar semilinear PDE
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of reaction-diffusion models of interacting populations
- Diffusion driven instability and Hopf bifurcation in spatial predator-prey model on a circular domain
- Sturm 3-ball global attractors 3: examples of Thom-Smale complexes
- Traveling spots on multi-dimensional excitable media
- Heteroclinic orbits between rotating waves of semilinear parabolic equations on the circle
- Existence and uniqueness of rigidly rotating spiral waves by a wave front interaction model
- Rotating periodic patterns in reaction diffusion systems
- Boundary orders and geometry of the signed Thom-Smale complex for Sturm global attractors
- The existence of partially localized periodic-quasiperiodic solutions and related KAM-type results for elliptic equations on the entire space
- Pattern-selective feedback stabilization of Ginzburg-Landau spiral waves
- Mining interpretable spatio-temporal logic properties for spatially distributed systems
- Self-organized clusters in diffusive run-and-tumble processes
- Sturm 3-ball global attractors 2: design of Thom-Smale complexes
- Hopf bifurcation from fronts in the Cahn-Hilliard equation
- Existence of quasiperiodic solutions of elliptic equations on \(\mathbb{R}^{N + 1}\) via center manifold and KAM theorems
- IMEX method convergence for a parabolic equation
- An infinite-dimensional Evans function theory for elliptic boundary value problems
- Connectivity and design of planar global attractors of Sturm type. II: Connection graphs
- Coarsening fronts
- Rotating spirals of curvature flows: a center manifold approach
- Asymptotic methods for reaction-diffusion systems: past and present
- Spectral stability of the critical front in the extended Fisher-KPP equation
- Schoenflies spheres as boundaries of bounded unstable manifolds in gradient Sturm systems
- Characterizing the effect of boundary conditions on striped phases
- Reaction-Diffusion Front Speeds in Spatially-Temporally Periodic Shear Flows
- Spectral analysis of localized rotating waves in parabolic systems
- Criteria for pointwise growth and their role in invasion processes
- Nonlinear Sturm global attractors: unstable manifold decompositions as regular CW-complexes
- Existence and homogenisation of travelling waves bifurcating from resonances of reaction-diffusion equations in periodic media
- Ginzburg-Landau spiral waves in circular and spherical geometries
- SPREAD—exploiting chemical features that cause differential activity behavior
- Asymptotic stability of critical pulled fronts via resolvent expansions near the essential spectrum
- Domain Wall Motion in Axially Symmetric Spintronic Nanowires
- Invasion into remnant instability: a case study of front dynamics
- Behavior of spiral wave spectra with a rank-deficient diffusion matrix
- Growing Stripes, with and without Wrinkles
- Moving and jumping spot in a two-dimensional reaction-diffusion model
- Moving and Breathing Localized Structures in Reaction-diffusion Systems
- Phase mappings from diffusion-coupled excitable chemical systems
- Ginzburg-Landau patterns in circular and spherical geometries: vortices, spirals, and attractors
- On solutions arising from radial spatial dynamics of some semilinear elliptic equations
- Nonlinear Eigenvalue Methods for Linear Pointwise Stability of Nonlinear Waves
- Connectivity and design of planar global attractors of Sturm type. III: Small and platonic examples
- Growing patterns
- Universal selection of pulled fronts
- Sharp decay rates for localized perturbations to the critical front in the Ginzburg-Landau equation
- A permutation characterization of Sturm global attractors of Hamiltonian type
- Determining the source of period-doubling instabilities in spiral waves
- Slow passage through the Busse balloon -- predicting steps on the Eckhaus staircase
- Pushed and pulled fronts in a logistic Keller-Segel model with chemorepulsion
- Spatiotemporal pattern formation and multiple bifurcations in a diffusive bimolecular model
- Sturm 3-ball global attractors. 1: Thom-Smale complexes and meanders
- Growth of cancer stem cell driven tumors: staged invasion, linear determinacy, and the tumor invasion paradox
- Computation and stability of waves in equivariant evolution equations
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