Helicoidal surfaces in Minkowski space with constant mean curvature and constant Gauss curvature (Q2248510)

A helicoidal motion of the Minkowski space \(E_1^3\) is a Lorentzian rotation around an axis \(L\) followed by a translation. A helicoidal surface in \(E_1^3\) is a surface invariant by a uniparametric group of helicoidal motions. Each group of helicoidal motions is characterized by an axis \(L\) and a pitch \(h\not=0\) and each helicoidal surface is given by a group of helicoidal motions \(G_{L,h}\) and a generating curve \(\gamma\). In this paper, the authors investigate helicoidal surfaces in \(E_1^3\) whose generating curve is the graph of a polynomial or a Lorentzian circle. The main results established in this article are the following three classification theorems. {Theorem 1.} Consider a helicoidal surface in \(E_1^3\) with constant mean curvature \(H\) whose generating curve is the graph of a polynomial \(f(s)=\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^m a_n s^n\). Then, the generating curve is a straight-line ({i.e.}, \(m\leq 1\)). Moreover, and after a rigid motion of \(E_1^3\): (1) If the axis is time-like \(L=<(0,0,1)>\), then the surface is the helicoid of first kind (\(H=0\)), the surface \(X(s,t)=(s\cos{(t)},s\sin({t}),\pm s+a_0 +ht)\), \(a_0\in\mathbb{R}\) with \(|H|=1/h\) or the Lorentzian cylinder \(x^2+y^2=r^2\) with \(|H|=1/(2r)\). (2) If the axis is space-like \(L=<(1,0,0)>\), then \(H=0\). The surface is the helicoid of second kind, the helicoid of third kind or the surface parametrized by \(X(s,t)=(ht,(\pm s+a_0)\sinh{(t)}+s\cosh{(t)},(\pm s+a_0)\cosh{(t)}+s\sinh{(t)})\), \(a_0\in\mathbb{R}-\{0\}\). (3) If the axis is light-like \(L=<(1,0,1)>\), then \(H=0\) and the surface is the Cayley's surface or the parabolic null cylinder. {Theorem 2.} Consider a helicoidal surface in \(E_1^3\) with constant mean curvature \(H\) whose generating curve is a Lorentzian circle of \(E_1^3\). Then the axis of the surface is space-like and \(H\not=0\). Moreover, the center of the circle lies in the axis and, up a rigid motion of \(E_1^3\), the surface is one of the hyperbolic cylinders \(y^2-z^2=\pm r^2\). {Theorem 3.} Consider a helicoidal surface in \(E_1^3\) with constant Gauss curvature \(K\). (1) If the generating curve is the graph of a polynomial \(f(s)=\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^m a_n s^n\), then \(m\leq 1\). If the axis is time-like, then the surface is the Lorentzian cylinder \(x^2+y^2=r^2\) (\(K=0\)) or the surface \(X(s,t)=(s\cos{(t)},s\sin({t}),\pm s+a_0 +ht)\), \(a_0\in\mathbb{R}\) with \(K=1/h^2\); if the axis is space-like, the surface is \(X(s,t)=(ht,(\pm s+a_0)\sinh{(t)}+s\cosh{(t)},(\pm s+a_0)\cosh{(t)}+s\sinh{(t)})\), \(a_0\not=0\) (\(K=0\)); if the axis is light-like, the surface is the parabolic null cylinder (\(K=0\)). (2) If the generating curve is a circle, then the axis is space-like, \(K=0\), the center of the circle lies in the axis and the surface is one of the hyperbolic cylinders \(y^2-z^2=\pm r^2\).