Morita equivalence for factorisable semigroups (Q5946544)

Let \(S\) be a semigroup with set of idempotents \(E=E(S)\). Then \(S\) is called factorisable if \(S=S^2\); \(S\) is called sandwich if \(S=SES\); \(S\) is called local units if \(S=ESE\). \(S\)-Act denotes the category of left \(S\)-acts, \(US\text{-Act}=\{_SM\in S\text{-Act}\mid SM=M\}\). \(US\text{-FAct}=\{M\in US\text{-Act}\mid\zeta_m=\varepsilon\}\), where \(\zeta_M=\{(m_1,m_2)\mid sm_1=sm_2,\forall s\in S\}\) is an \(S\)-congruence on \(_SM\), and \(\zeta_S\) a two-sided congruence on \(S\). The authors prove the following theorems: Let \(R,S\) be factorisable semigroups. Let\break \(UR\text{-FAct}\mathop{\rightleftharpoons}\limits^F_G US\text{-FAct}\) be a category inverse equivalence, \(_RM=G(_SS')\) and \(_SN=F(_RR')\). Then \(_RM_S\) and \(_SN_R\) are unitary biacts such that (i) \(_RM\) and \(_SN\) are generators in \(UR\)-FAct and \(US\)-FAct respectively; (ii) \(F\approx S\Hom_R(_RM,-)\) and \(G\approx R\Hom_S(_SN,-)\), where the functors are defined in the obvious way and ``\(\approx\)'' means the natural isomorphism; (iii) \(S'\cong S\Hom_R({_RM},{_RM})\) and \(R'\cong R\Hom_S({_SN},{_SN})\) as semigroups; (iv) \(_RM_S\cong R\Hom_S(_SN_R,{_SS'})\) and \(_SN_R\cong S\Hom_R(_RM_S,{_RR'})\) as biacts; (v) if we identify \(_SN_R\) with \(S\Hom_R(_RM_S,{_RR'})\), identify \(S'\) with a right ideal of \(\Hom_R(_RM,{_RM})\cong\Hom_S(_SS',{_SS'})\) and define \[ \langle\;\rangle\colon M\otimes_{S'}N\to R',\;m\otimes n\mapsto\langle m,n\rangle=(m)n\text{ and }\lceil\;\rceil\colon N\otimes_{R'}M\to S',\;n\otimes m\mapsto\lceil n,m\rceil, \] where \(\lceil n,m\rceil\colon{_RM}\to{_RM}\), \(x\mapsto(x)n\cdot m\), then \((R',S',{_{R'}M_{S'}},{_{S'}M_{R'}},\langle\;\rangle,\lceil\;\rceil)\) is a unitary Morita context with \(\langle\;\rangle\) and \(\lceil\;\rceil\) surjective. Let \(R,S\) be factorisable semigroups. If there exists a unitary Morita context \((R,S,{_RP_S},{_SQ_R},\langle\;\rangle,\lceil\;\rceil)\) with \(\langle\;\rangle\) and \(\lceil\;\rceil\) surjective, then we have the following category inverse equivalence \(UR\text{-FAct}\mathop{\rightleftharpoons}\limits^F_G US\text{-FAct}\), where \(F=Q\otimes_R-/\zeta_{Q\otimes_R-}\) and \(G=P\otimes_S-/\zeta_{P\otimes_S-}\). Let \(R,S\) be factorisable semigroups. Then the category \(UR\)-FAct is equivalent to the category \(US\)-FAct if and only if there exists a unitary Morita context \((R',S',{_{R'}P_{S'}},{_{S'}Q_{R'}},\langle\;\rangle,\lceil\;\rceil)\) with \(\langle\;\rangle\) and \(\lceil\;\rceil\) surjective. Moreover, if this is the case, then we have the following category inverse equivalence: \(UR\text{-FAct}\mathop{\rightleftharpoons}\limits^F_G US\text{-FAct}\), where \(F=S\Hom_R(_RP,-)\) and \(G=R\Hom_S(_SQ,-)\). If there exists a unitary Morita context \((R,S,{_RP_S},{_SQ_R},\langle\;\rangle,\lceil\;\rceil)\) with \(\langle\;\rangle\) and \(\lceil\;\rceil\) surjective, then \(R\) and \(S\) are said to be strongly Morita equivalent. Define the category \(S\text{-FxAct}=\{M\in US\text{-Act}\mid\Gamma_M'\) is an \(S\)-isomorphism\(\}\) where \(\Gamma_M'\colon S\otimes S\Hom_S(S,M)\to M\), \(s\otimes t\cdot\phi\mapsto(st)\phi\). Now the authors prove: (i) If either \(\prod_{i\in I}S\in S\text{-FxAct}\) for any index set \(I\) or \(S\in US\)-FAct holds, then \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a monoid if and only if \(S=SeS\) for some \(e\in E\). Moreover, if this is the case, then \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to \(eSe\). (ii) If \(\prod_{i\in I}S\in S\text{-FxAct}\) for any index set \(I\), then the following statements are equivalent: (a) \(S=SES\); (b) \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a sandwich semigroup; (c) \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a local units semigroup. Let \(S\) be an arbitrary semigroup. Then \(S\) is a completely simple semigroup if and only if \(\prod_{i\in I}S\in S\text{-FxAct}\) for any index set \(I\) and \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a group. Let \(S\) be a like unity semigroup. Then the following statements hold: (i) \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a group if and only if \(S\) is a completely simple semigroup; (ii) \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a monoid if and only if \(S=SeS\) for some \(e\in E\); (iii) \(S\) is strongly Morita equivalent to a local semigroup if and only if \(S=SES\). Here a semigroup is called like unity if \(x\in Sx\cap xS\) for any \(x\in S\).