Spectra of certain large tridiagonal matrices

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2018.03.005MaRDI QIDQ1748080zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors J. J. P. Veerman, David K. Hammond, Pablo E. Baldivieso

Publication date 2 May 2018

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.04977

zbMATH Keywords

differential equationseigenvaluetridiagonal matrixboundary conditions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Toeplitz, Cauchy, and related matrices (15B05) Global stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D23)

Abstract: We characterize the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a class of complex valued tridiagonal $n$ by $n$ matrices subject to arbitrary boundary conditions, i.e. with arbitrary elements on the first and last rows of the matrix. %By boundary conditions, we mean the first and last row of the matrix. For large $n$, we show there are up to $4$ eigenvalues, the so-called emph{special eigenvalues}, whose behavior depends sensitively on the boundary conditions. The other eigenvalues, the so-called emph{regular eigenvalues} vary very little as function of the boundary conditions. For large $n$, we determine the regular eigenvalues up to $calO(n^{-2})$, and the special eigenvalues up to $calO(kapp{a}^n)$, for some $kappain(0,1)$. The components of the eigenvectors are determined up to $calO(n^{-1})$. The matrices we study have important applications throughout the sciences. Among the most common ones are arrays of linear dynamical systems with nearest neighbor coupling, and discretizations of second order linear partial differential equations. In both cases, we give examples where specific choices of boundary conditions substantially influence leading eigenvalues, and therefore the global dynamics of the system.

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Cited in

(12)

• Eigenvalues of Laplacian matrices of the cycles with one negative-weighted edge
• Evaluation of spectrum of 2-periodic tridiagonal-Sylvester matrix
• Applications of tridiagonal matrices in non-equilibrium statistical physics
• On the determination of a tridiagonal matrix from its spectrum and a submatrix
• Convergence radii for eigenvalues of tri-diagonal matrices
• Sylvester-tridiagonal matrix with alternating main diagonal entries and its spectra
• Eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrices of the cycles with one weighted edge
• Spectral problem for quasi-uniform nearest-neighbor chains
• The eigenvalues of tridiagonal sign matrices are dense in the spectra of periodic tridiagonal sign operators
• Analytical solution of open crystalline linear 1D tight-binding models
• Fine spectra of tridiagonal Toeplitz matrices
• On the spectra of certain matrices

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