Spectral shift functions and Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps

DOI10.1007/S00208-017-1593-4MaRDI QIDQ1659916zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 23 August 2018

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.08292

Dirichlet-to-Neumann map Schrödinger operator second order elliptic operators self-adjoint operators spectral shift function Titchmarsh-Weyl function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Schrödinger operator, Schrödinger equation (35J10) Second-order elliptic equations (35J15) Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Scattering theory of linear operators (47A40) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25)

Abstract: The spectral shift function of a pair of self-adjoint operators is expressed via an abstract operator valued Titchmarsh--Weyl

m

-function. This general result is applied to different self-adjoint realizations of second-order elliptic partial differential operators on smooth domains with compact boundaries, Schr"{o}dinger operators with compactly supported potentials, and finally, Schr"{o}dinger operators with singular potentials supported on hypersurfaces. In these applications the spectral shift function is determined in an explicit form with the help of (energy parameter dependent) Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps.

Review text

The authors provide an expression of the spectral shift function $\xi(\lambda)$ of a pair of self-adjoint operators $\{A,B\}$ in a separable Hilbert space $\mathfrak{H}$ via an abstract operator-valued Titchamarsh-Weyl $m$-function $M(\lambda)$ associated to a quasi boundary triple. More specifically, under suitable assumptions it is shown (see Theorem 4.1) that for any orthonormal basis $(\phi_j)_{j\in J}$ in a Hilbert space $\mathcal{G}$ and a.e. $\lambda\in\mathbb{R}$ it holds \[ xi(\lambda)=\sum_{j\in J}\lim_{\epsilon\downarrow0}\pi^{-1}\Big(\mathrm{Im}\big(\log\big(\overline{M(\lambda+i\epsilon)}\big)\big)\phi_j,\phi_j\Big)_\mathcal{G} \] and for any $z\in\rho(A)\cap\rho(B)$ the trace formula \[ \mathrm{tr}_{\mathfrak{H}}\big((B-zI_{\mathfrak{H}})^{-(2k+1)}-(A-zI_{\mathfrak{H}})^{-(2k+1)}\big)=-(2k+1)\int_{\mathbb{R}}\frac{\xi(\lambda)\,\mathrm{d}\lambda}{(\lambda-z)^{2k+2}} \] is valid. The proof of the main result is based on the study of the logarithm of operator-valued Nevanlinna (or Herglotz) function from Section 3. In Sections 5 and 6, the main result together with Dirichtel-to-Neumann maps is utilized to determine explicit forms of the spectral shift function for different self-adjoint realizations of the second order elliptic differential operators and Schrödinger operators.

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