Stochastic nutrient-plankton models

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2023.08.017MaRDI QIDQ6083315zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Alexandru Hening, Nguyen Trong Hieu, Dang Hai Nguyen, Nhu Nguyen

Publication date 31 October 2023

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.07534

zbMATH Keywords

ergodicityinvariant measurenutrient-plankton model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of stochastic analysis (to PDEs, etc.) (60H30) Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Ecology (92D40)

Abstract: We analyze plankton-nutrient food chain models composed of phytoplankton, herbivorous zooplankton and a limiting nutrient. These models have played a key role in understanding the dynamics of plankton in the oceanic layer. Given the strong environmental and seasonal fluctuations that are present in the oceanic layer, we propose a stochastic model for which we are able to fully classify the longterm behavior of the dynamics. In order to achieve this we had to develop new analytical techniques, as the system does not satisfy the regular dissipativity conditions and the analysis is more subtle than in other population dynamics models.

Review text

The authors study a three-dimensional SDE model that describes the dynamics of a zooplankton-phytoplankton-nutrient ecosystem that is subject to nutrient regeneration due to bacterial decomposition of dead plankton and random environmental fluctuations, the latter being modeled via white noise perturbations. It is assumed that nutrient has a constant input rate and its recycling is instantaneous, while the nutrient, phytoplankton and zooplankton washout rates are also constant. One finds two threshold parameters whose signs completely characterize plankton persistence or extinction. First, it is shown that the moments of the process are bounded and the process itself stays in compact sets with a large probability. Then, one defines an integral-algebraic parameter \(\lambda_1\) and observe that if \(\lambda _1<0\), then both the phytoplankton and zooplankton go extinct with probability \(1\). Furthermore, the exact exponential rates of extinction are determined. One can define the invasion rate of the zooplankton, \(\lambda _2\), again as an integral-algebraic quantity and prove that if \(\lambda _1>0\), then the sign of \(\lambda _2\) determines the extinction or persistence of the zooplankton. Due to the lack of dissipativity, one cannot obtain an exponential convergence rate in the case \(\lambda _1>0\) and \(\lambda _2>0\), but rather a polynomial one.

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Cited in

(7)

• Stochastic modeling of phytoplankton allelopathy
• Stochastic modeling of algal bloom dynamics with delayed nutrient recycling
• Asymptotic properties of stochastic nutrient-plankton food chain models with nutrient recycling
• Asymptotic behavior of a stochastic generalized nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton model
• Rich dynamics and density function analysis of a hybrid stochastic predator-prey model with logistic growth and SIS parasite infection
• Long-term behavior of stochastic SIQRS epidemic models
• Invariant measure and numerical simulations for a stochastic predator-prey model -- an example of verifying two-dimensional boundary measure integration

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