Strong semi-simplicity

DOI10.1007/BF02651084MaRDI QIDQ1203434zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 8 February 1993

Published in Periodica Mathematica Hungarica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02651084

Consider a universal class \(\mathcal W\). Let \(\mathcal R\) be a radical class in \(\mathcal W\), \(\mathcal L\) its semisimple class, and \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) (the elements of which will be called strongly \(\mathcal R\)-semi-simple) the class of objects all of whose homomorphic images are in \(\mathcal L\). The author investigates conditions in a variety of multioperator groups under which \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) will be a radical class. The following results are given, where a class \(\mathcal X\) is said to have Property (C) if \(\mathcal X\) contains every object which is a union of an ascending chain of normal subobjects belonging to \(\mathcal X\). Proposition 1. \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) is a radical class if and only if it has Property (C). Proposition 2. If \(\mathcal L\) has Property (C) then \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) is a radical class. Proposition 3. If \(\mathcal R\) is hereditary, then \(\widehat{L}\) is a radical class. With these results it is easy to show that if \(\mathcal L\) is a quasivariety, then \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) is a radical class. Examples are given of semi- simple classes for non-hereditary radicals which are quasivarieties. Also, the author provides examples which guarantee that the converses of Proposition 2 and 3 are not valid. For hereditary radical classes it is necessary to add certain conditions in order to obtain results implying that \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) is a radical class. Proposition 4. Suppose all subdirectly irreducibles have unequivocal hearts. Let \(\mathcal R\) be a hereditary radical class with semi-simple class \(\mathcal L\), \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) the class of strongly \(\mathcal R\)-semi-simple objects, \({\mathcal M}_{\mathcal R}\) the class of subdirectly irreducibles with hearts in \(\mathcal R\). Then \(\widehat{\mathcal L} = {\mathcal U}({\mathcal M}_{\mathcal R})\). In addition, a generalization of the strongly semiprime rings being precisely the hereditarily idempotent rings is obtained for varieties which meet certain conditions. Finally, in associative rings, conditions which deal with \(\widehat{\mathcal L}\) being hereditary are investigated.

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