The input-output and controllable behavioural structures of a state space representation

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Given the \((A,B,C,D)\) of a linear state space representation the author gives an expression for a universal left annihilator of the matrix \[ \Biggl({zI- A\over -C}\Biggr) \] and, by duality, of a universal right annihilator for the matrix \((zI- A,-B)\). The use of polynomial-based computations is not required. Based on this the author derives kernel representations for the input-output behavior and image representations of the controllable part. The representations are in a certain trim canonical form and are intimately connected with structure indices. The appendix gives a minimal state space representation as a byproduct of the analysis in the main body of the paper. The author also provides, along the way, matrices corresponding to various pole and zero sets. By means of an example the author clarifies the constructions in the main body of the text. This paper is well written and of considerable interest to system theorists working in the behavioral vein à la Willems.











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