Topics in orbit equivalence
Descriptive set theory (03E15) Measure-preserving transformations (28D05) General groups of measure-preserving transformations (28D15) General groups of measure-preserving transformations and dynamical systems (37A15) Algebraic ergodic theory, cocycles, orbit equivalence, ergodic equivalence relations (37A20)
These notes provide a rapid but thorough description of orbit equivalence with both ergodic theory and the perspective of set theory in mind. Orbit equivalence is concerned with the equivalence relation induced on a measure space \(X\) by a measure-preserving or measure-class-preserving action of a group \(\Gamma\) (points are equivalent if one is in the orbit of the other). These notes deal with the classical setting, in which \(\Gamma\) is countable and discrete, and \(X\) is a standard Borel space. The authors introduce two useful thematic notions. The first is `elasticity', exemplified by the extension by \textit{D. S. Ornstein} and \textit{B. Weiss} [Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 2, 161--164 (1980; Zbl 0427.28018)] of \textit{H. A. Dye}'s theorem [Am. J. Math. 81, 119--159 (1959; Zbl 0087.11501) and Am. J. Math. 85, 551--576 (1963; Zbl 0191.42803)]: any two Borel nonatomic probability preserving actions of amenable groups are orbit equivalent. Thus the equivalence relation induced by such an action does not remember anything about the group that created it apart from the vague recollection that it was amenable. The second is `rigidity', in which the equivalance relation induced by a group action carries a great deal of information about the group. For example, Furman has shown that if a free, nonatomic, probability-preserving action of some countable group \(\Gamma\) is orbit equivalent to the natural action of \(SL(3,\mathbb Z)\) on the \(3\)-torus, then \(\Gamma\) is isomorphic to \(SL(3,\mathbb Z)\) and the actions are Borel isomorphic. A more recent instance of `rigidity' is a result of Gaboriau, which gives the statement (under similar hypotheses) that orbit equivalence for actions of free groups remembers the rank of the free group. These notes are in three parts. The first gives a quick treatment of ergodic theory. The second deals with orbit equivalence in the presence of amenability -- the `elastic' world: Dye's theorem, the Ornstein-Weiss theorem on orbit equivalence of measure-preserving amenable group actions, the Theorem by \textit{A. Connes, J. Feldman}, and \textit{B. Weiss} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 1, 431--450 (1981; Zbl 0491.28018)] on hyperfiniteness of amenable equivalance relations. More recent work is included, for example the theorem by \textit{S. Jackson, A. S. Kechris} and \textit{A. Louveau} [J. Math. Log. 2, No. 1, 1--80 (2002; Zbl 1008.03031)]: any Borel action of a finitely generated group of polynomial growth on a standard Borel space induces a hyperfinite equivalence relation. The third part describes the theory of costs for equivalence relations, including a development of the work of Gaboriau, Hjorth and others. This part ends with a list of 15 open problems taken from the text. The brevity of these notes may have squeezed out some of the detailed history of these developments, but the authors have nonetheless managed to make the mathematics self-contained and complete. With little in the way of prerequisites, these notes carefully cover a great deal of mathematics not always easily garnered from the literature. They will be of great interest to ergodic theorists as well as set theorists.
- Orbit inequivalent actions for groups containing a copy of \(\mathbb{F}_{2}\)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4053970
- A brief introduction to amenable equivalence relations
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1761925
- A converse to Dye’s theorem
- Affable equivalence relations and orbit structure of Cantor dynamical systems
- The absorption theorem for affable equivalence relations
- Weak density of orbit equivalence classes of free group actions
- Orbit equivalence and measured group theory
- Orbit equivalence rigidity of irreducible actions of right-angled Artin groups
- Ends of graphed equivalence relations. I
- Ends of graphed equivalence relations. II
- Popa superrigidity and countable Borel equivalence relations
- Ergodic theorems for coset spaces
- Rank gradient versus stable integral simplicial volume
- Finite graphs and amenability
- Weak containment in the space of actions of a free group
- Measurable chromatic and independence numbers for ergodic graphs and group actions
- Groups not presentable by products.
- Kurosh's theorem for countable Borel equivalence relations
- Orbit equivalence rigidity
- Finitary random interlacements and the Gaboriau-Lyons problem
- Measurable versions of Vizing's theorem
- Prime \(\mathrm{II}_1\) factors arising from irreducible lattices in products of rank one simple Lie groups
- Measure free factors of free groups.
- On the \(K\) property for Maharam extensions of Bernoulli shifts and a question of Krengel
- Representing interpolated free group factors as group factors
- Cost vs. integral foliated simplicial volume
- Entropy, Shannon orbit equivalence, and sparse connectivity
- The Shannon-McMillan-Breiman theorem beyond amenable groups
- Non-standard limits of graphs and some orbit equivalence invariants
- Approximate Schreier decorations and approximate Kőnig's line coloring theorem
- Equivalence of generics
- Approximating the group algebra of the lamplighter by infinite matrix products
- Indistinguishability of collections of trees in the uniform spanning forest
- Invariant means and the structure of inner amenable groups
- Rank gradient and cost of Artin groups and their relatives.
- One-ended spanning trees in amenable unimodular graphs
- Hyperfiniteness and Borel combinatorics
- Coherent actions by homeomorphisms on the real line or an interval
- Ergodic theorems for the shift action and pointwise versions of the Abért-Weiss theorem
- Measurable versions of the Lovász local lemma and measurable graph colorings
- Cheeger constants and L^2-Betti numbers
- Classification of cocycles of generic equivalence relations
- On the complexity of topological conjugacy of Toeplitz subshifts
- The complexity of the topological conjugacy problem for Toeplitz subshifts
- A lemma for cost attained
- Limits of locally-globally convergent graph sequences
- An entropy-preserving Dye's theorem for ergodic actions
- A nonamenable finitely presented group of piecewise projective homeomorphisms
- Ergodic decomposition of group actions on rooted trees
- Orbit equivalence for Cantor minimal \(\mathbb Z^d\)-systems
- The Borel complexity of von Neumann equivalence
- Lifts of Borel actions on quotient spaces
- Quantitative measure equivalence between amenable groups
- Point processes, cost, and the growth of rank in locally compact groups
- Pointwise ergodic theorem for locally countable quasi-pmp graphs
- A determinacy approach to Borel combinatorics
- Ranks of subgroups in boundedly generated groups.
- Generic IRS in free groups, after Bowen
- Simple and large equivalence relations
- On the entropy of actions of nilpotent Lie groups and their lattice subgroups
- A survey of measured group theory
- Incomparable treeable equivalence relations
- Kőnig's line coloring and Vizing's theorems for graphings
- On full groups of non-ergodic probability-measure-preserving equivalence relations
- Stabilizers of actions of lattices in products of groups
- What is \dots cost?
- A brief introduction to amenable equivalence relations
- Hyperfiniteness of boundary actions of cubulated hyperbolic groups
- Isomorphism of Borel full groups
- Notes on treeability and costs for discrete groupoids in operator algebra framework
- Connected Polish groups with ample generics
- Finite unions of equivalence relations
- Topological properties of full groups
- Borel oracles. An analytical approach to constant-time algorithms
- The absorption theorem for affable equivalence relations
- The existence of measures of a given cocycle, I: atomless, ergodic σ-finite measures
- The geometric dimension of an equivalence relation and finite extensions of countable groups
- Restricted orbit equivalence
- Stationary probability measures and topological realizations
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4053970 (Why is no real title available?)
- On invariant ccc \(\sigma\)-ideals on \(2^{\mathbb N}\)
- Universal Borel actions of countable groups
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1121848 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1761925 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1789898 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1795103 (Why is no real title available?)
- Incomparable actions of free groups
- AUTOMATIC CONTINUITY FOR ISOMETRY GROUPS
- Borel structurability by locally finite simplicial complexes
- Approximate equivalence of group actions
- A converse to Dye’s theorem
- The number of topological generators for full groups of ergodic equivalence relations
- Finite generators for countable group actions in the Borel and Baire category settings
- Dynamical properties of profinite actions
- Ultraproducts of measure preserving actions and graph combinatorics
- Weak containment of measure-preserving group actions
- Sylvester matrix rank functions on crossed products
- On the existence of cocycle-invariant Borel probability measures
- Unicorn paths and hyperfiniteness for the mapping class group
- Stable actions of central extensions and relative property (T)
- Uniform hyperfiniteness
- The Tarski numbers of groups
- RECURRENCE AND THE EXISTENCE OF INVARIANT MEASURES
- Cost of inner amenable groupoids
- Equitable colourings of Borel graphs
- Orienting Borel graphs
- Global aspects of measure preserving equivalence relations and graphs
- Higher-dimensional obstructions for star reductions
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