Twisting somersault

DOI10.1137/15M1055097MaRDI QIDQ2826312zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors H. R. Dullin, William Tong

Publication date 14 October 2016

Published in SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.08046

zbMATH Keywords

biomechanicsgeometric phasenonrigid body dynamicsrotation number

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, integration methods, integrability tests (37J35) Motion of a rigid body with a fixed point (70E17) Dynamics of multibody systems (70E55) Biomechanics (92C10)

Abstract: A complete description of twisting somersaults is given using a reduction to a time-dependent Euler equation for non-rigid body dynamics. The central idea is that after reduction the twisting motion is apparent in a body frame, while the somersaulting (rotation about the fixed angular momentum vector in space) is recovered by a combination of dynamic and geometric phase. In the simplest "kick-model" the number of somersaults $m$ and the number of twists $n$ are obtained through a rational rotation number $W=m/n$ of a (rigid) Euler top. This rotation number is obtained by a slight modification of Montgomery's formula [9] for how much the rigid body has rotated. Using the full model with shape changes that take a realistic time we then derive the master twisting-somersault formula: An exact formula that relates the airborne time of the diver, the time spent in various stages of the dive, the numbers $m$ and $n$, the energy in the stages, and the angular momentum by extending a geometric phase formula due to Cabrera [3]. Numerical simulations for various dives agree perfectly with this formula where realistic parameters are taken from actual observations.

Recommendations

• The diver with a rotor
• A new twisting Somersault: 513XD
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4088991
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Cites work

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• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 475207 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 475212 (Why is no real title available?)
• Semi-global symplectic invariants of the Euler top
• The diver with a rotor
• The mechanics and control for multi-particle systems
• The rotation number and the herpolhode angle in Euler's top

Cited in

(6)

• A new twisting Somersault: 513XD
• Optimal 3D arm strategies for maximizing twist rotation during somersault of a rigid-body model
• Twisting with a flip (The art of pestunization)
• The diver with a rotor
• Using the geometric phase to optimize planar somersaults
• Cosymplectic geometry, reductions, and energy-momentum methods with applications

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