Uniform bounds on multigraded regularity

DOI10.1090/S1056-3911-04-00385-6MaRDI QIDQ4659674zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Diane Maclagan, Gregory G. Smith

Publication date 21 March 2005

Published in Journal of Algebraic Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0305215

Gotzmann number multigraded Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity multigraded Hilbert polynomial Stanley decomposition Stanley filtration

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Local cohomology and commutative rings (13D45) Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials (13F20) Local cohomology and algebraic geometry (14B15) Parametrization (Chow and Hilbert schemes) (14C05) Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25)

Abstract: We give an effective uniform bound on the multigraded regularity of a subscheme of a smooth projective toric variety X with a given multigraded Hilbert polynomial. To establish this bound, we introduce a new combinatorial tool, called a Stanley filtration, for studying monomial ideals in the homogeneous coordinate ring of X. As a special case, we obtain a new proof of Gotzmann's regularity theorem. We also discuss applications of this bound to the construction of multigraded Hilbert schemes.

Review text

The purpose of the paper is to bound the multigraded Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of all subschemes of a smooth projective toric variety that have a given multigraded Hilbert polynomial. Let \(X\) be a smooth projective toric variety over a field \(F\) determined by a fan \(\Delta\) in \(\mathbb R^d\). By numbering the rays, \(\Delta\) is identified with a simplicial complex on \([n] = \{1,\ldots,n\}\). Let \(\mathbf b_1,\ldots,\mathbf b_n\) be the unique minimal lattice vectors generating the rays and assume that \(\mathbf b_1,\ldots,\mathbf b_n\) span \(\mathbb R^d\). Set \(r = n-d\) and let \(A = [\mathbf a_1 \cdots \mathbf a_n]\) be the Gale dual \((r \times n)\)-matrix of the \((d \times n)\)-matrix \([\mathbf b_1 \cdots \mathbf b_n]\). The homogeneous coordinate ring of \(X\), introduced in [\textit{D. A. Cox}, J.\ Algebr.\ Geom.\ 4, 17--50 (1995; Zbl 0846.14032)], is the polynomial ring \(S = F[x_1,\ldots,x_n]\) with the \(\mathbb Z^r\)-grading defined by \(\text{deg}(x_i)=\mathbf a_i\) for \(1 \leq i \leq n\). Let \(B = \langle \prod_{i \notin \sigma}x_i \mid \sigma \in \Delta \rangle\). For \(\sigma \subseteq [n]\), put \(\mathbb N A_\sigma = \{ \sum_{i \in \sigma} \lambda_i \mathbf a_i \mid \lambda_i \in \mathbb N \}\). Let \(\mathcal K = \bigcap_{\sigma \in \Delta} \mathbb N A_{\hat \sigma}\) where \(\hat \sigma = [n] \smallsetminus \sigma\), and let \(\mathcal C = \{ \mathbf c_1, \ldots, \mathbf c_e \}\) be the unique minimal Hilbert basis of \(\mathcal K\). Let \(M\) be a finitely generated \(\mathbb Z^r\)-graded \(S\)-module. For \(\mathbf k \in \mathbb Z^r\), we say that \(M\) is \(\mathbf k\)-regular if the following two conditions are satisfied: (1) \(H^i_B(M)_{\mathbf p} = 0\) for all \(i \geq 1\) and all \(\mathbf p \in \bigcup (\mathbf k - \lambda_1 \mathbf c_1 - \cdots - \lambda_e \mathbf c_e + \mathcal K)\) where the union is over all \(\lambda_1 ,\ldots, \lambda_e \in \mathbb N\) such that \(\lambda_1 +\cdots+ \lambda_e = i-1\); (2) \(H^0_B(M)_{\mathbf p} = 0\) for all \(\mathbf p \in \bigcup_{1 \leq j \leq e} (\mathbf k + \mathbf c_j + \mathcal K)\). The regularity, \(\text{reg}(M)\), of \(M\) is the set \(\{ \mathbf k \in \mathbb Z^r \mid M \text{ is } \mathbf k\text{-regular} \}\). Bounding the multigraded regularity of \(M\) is equivalent to giving a subset of \(\text{reg}(M)\). The main results are as follows. Theorem 4.1. Let \(I\) be a monomial ideal in \(S\). If \(\{ (\mathbf x^{\mathbf u_i},\sigma_i) \mid 1 \leq i \leq m \}\) is a Stanley filtration for \(S/I\), then \(\bigcap_{i=1}^m (A{\mathbf u_i} + \text{reg}(S_{\sigma_i})) \subseteq \text{reg}(S/I)\). (\(S_{\sigma_i} = F[x_i \mid i \in \sigma]\)) Theorem 4.11. Let \(\mathbf c \in \bigcap_{i=1}^n (\mathbf a_i+\mathcal K)\) and let \(I\) be any \(B\)-saturated ideal in \(S\). If \(m\) is the Gotzmann number of \(P_{S/I}(\mathbf t)\) (the multigraded Hilbert polynomial of \(S/I\)), then \(\bigcap_{\hat \sigma \in \Delta} ((m-1)\mathbf c + \text{reg}(S_\sigma)) \subseteq \text{reg}(S/I)\). In section 3 the authors develop the theory of Stanley decompositions and filtrations, on which the main combinatorial tool used in the paper is based. In section 5 it is shown that multigraded techniques provide a simple new proof of \textit{G. Gotzmann}'s regularity theorem [Math. Z. 158, 61--70 (1978; Zbl 0358.13007)]. In the final section 6, the effective construction of multigraded Hilbert schemes is discussed.

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