Response solutions to harmonic oscillators beyond multi-dimensional Brjuno frequency (Q2658852): Difference between revisions

This paper is concerned with the quasi-periodically forced nonlinear harmonic oscillators \[ \ddot{x}+\lambda^2 x=\varepsilon f(\omega t,x),\tag{1} \] where \(\lambda\in\mathscr{O}\subset\mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}\), the forcing term \(f\) is real analytic, and the frequency vector \(\omega\in\mathbb{R}^d\) is beyond Brjuno frequency. To be more specific, the frequency \(\omega\) satisfies \[ \max\limits_{0<|k|\leq K,~k\in\mathbb{Z}^d}\ln\frac{1}{|<k,\omega>|}\leq K\alpha(K),\tag{2} \] where \(\alpha(K)=(\underbrace{\ln\cdots\ln}_{n_*} K)^{-a}\), for fixed \(n_*\in\mathbb{N}^+\), \(a\in(0,1]\), and \(K>1\). One of the fundamental problems for systems of the form (1) is to determine suitable conditions that guarantee the persistence of the quasi-periodic solutions. To overcome the notorious difficulties connected with resonance and ``small divisors'', most existing literature assume that the frequency \(\omega\) satisfies some non-degeneracy conditions, such as Diophantine condition or Brjuno condition. A natural question is whether these results hold under weaker non-degeneracy assumptions. \textit{A. Avila} et al. [Geom. Funct. Anal. 21, No. 5, 1001--1019 (2011; Zbl 1277.37089)] developed a nonstandard KAM scheme for \(\mathrm{SL}(2;\mathbb{R})\) cocycles with Liouvillean frequencies. Recently, \textit{J. Xu} et al. [Math. Z. 226, No. 3, 375--387 (1997; Zbl 0899.34030)] generalized the work by \textit{A. Avila} et al. [Geom. Funct. Anal. 21, No. 5, 1001--1019 (2011; Zbl 1277.37089)] to finite dimensional nonlinear Hamiltonian system and proved the existence of response solutions for the quasi-periodically forced harmonic oscillators (1) with \(\omega\) in a large measure set and the frequency \(\omega = (1,\alpha),~\forall\alpha\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\mathbb{Q}.\) Works towards this direction have also been done by many authors including X. Hou, Z. Lou, J. Geng, X. Xu, H. Cheng, W. Si and J. Si (see the references). Based on a modified KAM theorem, the authors prove the existence of response solutions with frequency \(\omega\) satisfying (2), provided the parameter \(\epsilon\) is sufficiently small.