Symplectic blowing down in dimension six (Q2096935): Difference between revisions

In this paper, the authors study symplectic blowing down. This is the opposite process of symplectic blowing up which in dimension six results in either a symplectic \(\mathbb{P}^2\) with normal degree \(-1\) or a symplectic \(\mathbb{P}^1\)-bundle over a surface \(\Sigma\) with normal degree \(-1\) along the \(\mathbb{P}^1\)-fibers. In general, the blowing up construction gives rise to a symplectic exceptional divisor which is known to be a topological exceptional divisor. A topological exceptional divisor is a codimension-\(2\) submanifold \(D^{2n} \subset (M^{2n+2}, \omega)\) which admits a linear \(\mathbb{P}^k\)-bundle structure \(\pi: D^{2n} \to Y^{2n-2k}\) over an oriented \((2n - 2k)\)-manifold \(Y\) such that (i) the normal line bundle \(N_D\) is the tautological line bundle when restricted to the projective space fibers of \(\pi\), and (ii) \(\omega|_D\) is almost standard. A matching triple \((X,D', S; \Omega)\) for a topological exceptional divisor \(D\) is a linear \((\mathbb{P}^{k+1}, \mathbb{P}^k, \mathbb{P}^0)\) bundle triple \((X,D', S)\) over \(Y\) with \(\Omega\) being a symplectic form on \(X\), satisfying certain compatibility conditions. Section~2 proves that if a topological exceptional divisor \(D \subset (M, \omega)\) has a matching triple, then up to integral deformation, \((M, \omega)\) can be symplectically blown down along \(D\). In Section~3, motivated by this observation, the authors investigate matching triples for a topological exceptional divisor \(D \subset (M, \omega)\) with \(\pi: D \to Y = \Sigma\) and \(\Sigma\) being a surface, and define that a topological exceptional divisor \(\pi: D \to \Sigma\) is admissible if the symplectic form \(\omega|_D\) on \(D\) satisfies certain ratio bound depending on the genus of \(\Sigma\). Moreover, the symplectic cone of a linear \((\mathbb{P}^{k+1}, \mathbb{P}^k, \mathbb{P}^0)\) bundle triple over \(\Sigma\) is analyzed. Section~4 verifies that if a symplectic divisor \(\pi: D \to \Sigma\) of \((M, \omega)\) arises from symplectically blowing up a symplectic surface \(\Sigma\) in a symplectic manifold, then it is an admissible topological exceptional divisor. Conversely, if \(\pi: D \to \Sigma\) is an admissible topological exceptional divisor, then there exists a weak matching triple. Applying these results to dimension six, the authors confirm that for a topological exceptional divisor \(\pi: D \to Y\) in a \(6\)-dimensional symplectic manifold \((M, \omega)\), if \(Y\) is a point, then \((M, \omega)\) can be blown down along \(D\). Furthermore, if \(Y = \Sigma\) is a surface and \(\pi: D \to \Sigma\) is admissible, then a weak matching triple is actually a matching triple and hence, up to integral deformation, \((M, \omega)\) can be blown down along \(D\). For this last result, the paper ends with an explicit and stronger formulation.