A new characterization of the analytic surfaces in \(\mathbb C^{3}\) that satisfy the local Phragmén-Lindelöf condition (Q639730)

The local Phragmén-Lindelöf condition at the origin on an analytic variety \(V\) in \(\mathbb{C}^n\) was introduced by \textit{L. Hörmander} [Invent. Math. 21, 151--182 (1973; Zbl 0282.35015)], and he used it in his characterization of the linear partial differential operators with constant coefficients that map the space of real analytic functions on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) onto itself. It is a condition on the behaviour of plurisubharmonic functions in \(V\) on a neighbourhood of the origin. It was later used by \textit{D. Vogt} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 606, 217--233 (2007; Zbl 1133.46014)] to characterize the compact real analytic subvarieties \(V\) of \(\mathbb{R}^n\) for which there is a continuous linear extension operator for real analytic functions on \(V\). It is a very useful condition when analyzing Phragmén-Lindelöf type conditions on algebraic varieties in \(\mathbb{C}^n\). The aim of this paper is to present a characterization of the local Phragmén-Lindelöf condition at the origin for an analytic surface \(V\) in a neighbourhood of the origin in \(\mathbb{C}^3\). The condition characterizing it is stronger than the dimension condition and weaker than local hyperbolicity. The new necessary condition used in this paper is that all the limiting varieties of \(V\) must satisfy the strong Phragmén-Lindelöf condition, a result of \textit{T. Heinrich} [Ann. Pol. Math. 85, No. 3, 283--290 (2005; Zbl 1088.31004)]. Continuing their deep work in this area in recent years, the authors give a new characterization and prove a more geometric characterizing condition that they call nearly hyperbolic. Intuitively, a variety is nearly hyperbolic if the parts of the variety which are close to real linear subspaces are hyperbolic.