Spectral properties of bipolar surfaces to Otsuki tori (Q2450829)

Let \(\Delta\) be the Laplace-Beltrami operator on functions for a compact Riemann surface \((M,g)\). Let \(\lambda_i(M,g)\) be the \(i^{\text{th}}\) eigenvalue and let \(\Lambda_i(M,g):=\lambda_i(M,g)\text{Area}(M,g)\) be the normalized \(i^{\text{th}}\) eigenvalue; this is now a homothety invariant, i.e. \(\Lambda_i(M,c^2g)=\Lambda_i(M,g)\). One says that \((M,g)\) is extremal for \(\Lambda_i\) if \(\partial_t\Lambda_i(M,g_t)|_{t=0}=0\) for any analytic variation. If \(p\) and \(q\) are coprime integers with \(\frac12\leq\frac pq\leq\frac{\sqrt{2}}2\), there is a minimal immersed surface in \(\mathbb{S}^4\) denoted by \(\tilde O_{\frac pq}\). The author shows: Theorem. The bipolar surface \(\tilde O_{\frac pq}\) to an Otsuki torus is a torus. If \(q\) is odd, then the metric on \(\tilde O_{\frac pq}\) induced by the immersion is extremal for \(\Lambda_{2q+4p-2}(\mathbb{T}^2,g)\). If \(q\) is even, then the metric induced by the immersion on \(\tilde O_{\frac pq}\) is extremal for \(\Lambda_{q+2p-2}(\mathbb{T}^2,g)\).