The planar low temperature Coulomb gas: separation and equidistribution (Q6100300)

The paper studies asymptotic properties of the planar Coulomb gas with an external potential in the low temperature regime, as the number of charged particles \(n\) tends to infinity and the inverse temperature \(\beta_n\) grows at least logarithmically with \(n\). Under suitable conditions on the external potential, the authors prove that the particles are asymptotically uniformly separated and equidistributed with respect to the equilibrium density of the Coulomb gas. Similar results were obtained previously in the zero temperature regime \(\beta=\infty\) in [\textit{Y. Ameur} and \textit{J. Ortega-Cerdà}, J. Funct. Anal. 263, No. 7, 1825--1861 (2012; Zbl 1256.31001)]. In the low temperature regime, as in the current paper, a weaker local separation result was proven earlier in [\textit{Y. Ameur}, Commun. Math. Phys. 359, No. 3, 1079--1089 (2018; Zbl 1397.82050)].