Induced and simple modules of double affine Hecke algebras. (Q1769580)

The paper provides a classification of the simple integrable modules of double affine Hecke algebras via perverse sheaves. Let \(\underline G\) be a simple connected simply connected linear algebraic group. Let \(\underline{\text{Lie}}\,\underline G\) denote the Lie algebra of \(\underline G\), let \(\underline{\text{Lie}}\,\underline H\subset\underline{\text{Lie}}\,\underline G\) be a Cartan subalgebra and let \(\underline{\text{Lie}}\,\underline B\subset\underline{\text{Lie}}\,\underline G\) be a Borel subalgebra containing \(\underline{\text{Lie}}\,\underline H\). Let \(\underline\Phi\) be the root system of \(\underline G\) and let \(\Phi^\vee\) be the root system dual to \(\underline\Phi\). Let \(\{\alpha_i:i\in\underline I\}\), \(\{\alpha_i^\vee:i\in\underline I\}\) be the set of simple roots and of simple coroots, respectively. Let \(I:=\underline I\sqcup\{0\}\). Let \(\underline W\), \(W\) be the Weyl group and the affine Weyl group of \(\underline G\). We identify \(\underline I\) (resp. \(I\)) with the set of simple reflections in \(\underline W\) (resp. \(W\)). Let \(s_i\in W\) be the simple reflection corresponding to \(i\in I\). For all \(i,j\in I\), let \(m_{ij}\) denote the order of the element \(s_is_j\) in \(W\). Let \(\underline X\) be the weight lattice of \(\underline\Phi\) and let \(Y^\vee\) be the root lattice of \(\underline\Phi v\). Let \(\{\omega_i:i\in\underline I\}\) be the set of fundamental weights. Consider the lattices \(Y=\bigoplus_{i\in I}\mathbb{Z}\alpha_i\subset X=\mathbb{Z}\delta\oplus\bigoplus_{i\in I}\mathbb{Z}\omega_i\), \(Y^\vee=\bigoplus_{i\in I}\mathbb{Z}\alpha_i^\vee\), where \(\delta\) is a new variable. There is unique pairing \(X\times Y^\vee\to\mathbb{Z}\) such that \((\omega_i:\alpha_j^\vee)=\delta_{ij}\) and \((\delta:\alpha_j^\vee)=0\). The double affine Hecke algebra \(\mathbf H\) is the unital associative \(\mathbb{C}[q,q^{-1},t,t^{-1}]\)-algebra generated by \(\{t_i,x_\lambda:i\in I\), \(\lambda\in X\}\) modulo the following defining relations: \[ x_\delta=t,\quad x_\lambda x_\mu=x_{\lambda+\mu}(t_i-q)(t_i+1)=0, \] \[ t_it_jt_i\cdots=t_jt_it_j\cdots\text{ if }i\neq j\;(m_{ij}\text{ factors in both products),} \] \[ t_ix_\lambda-x_\lambda t_i=0\text{ if }(\lambda:\alpha_i^\vee)=0,\quad t_ix_\lambda-x_{s_i(\lambda)}t_i=(q-1)x_\lambda\text{ if }(\lambda:\alpha_i^\vee)=1, \] for all \(i,j\in I\), \(\lambda,\mu\in X\). One important step of the proof is the construction of a ring homomorphism from \(\mathbf H\) to a ring defined via the equivariant \(K\)-theory of an affine analogue \(\mathcal Z\) of the Steinberg variety. \(\mathcal Z\) is an ind-scheme of ind-infinite type. It comes with a filtration by subsets \({\mathcal Z}_{\leq y}\) with \(y\) in the affine Weyl group \(W\). The subsets \({\mathcal Z}_{\leq y}\) are reduced separated schemes of infinite type, and the inclusions \({\mathcal Z}_{\leq y'}\subset{\mathcal Z}_{\leq y}\) with \(y'\leq y\) are closed immersions. The set \(\mathcal Z\) is endowed with an action of a torus \(A\) which preserves each term of the filtration. For a well-chosen element \(a\in A\), the fixed point set \({\mathcal Z}^a\subset{\mathcal Z}\) is a scheme locally of finite type. Hence there is a convolution ring \(\mathbf K^A({\mathcal Z}^a)\): it is the inductive limit of the system of \({\mathbf R}_A\)-modules \(\mathbf K^A(({\mathcal Z}_{\leq y})^a)\) with \(y\in W\). (Here \({\mathbf R}_A\) means \({\mathbf K}_A(\text{point})\).) The author defines a ring homomorphism \(\Psi_a\colon{\mathbf H}\to\mathbf K^A({\mathcal Z}^a)_a\), where the subscript \(a\) means specialization at the maximal ideal \(J_a\subset{\mathbf R}_A\) associated to \(a\). The map \(\Psi_a\) becomes surjective after a suitable completion of \(\mathbf H\). It is certainly not injective. Using \(\Psi_a\), a standard sheaf-theoretic construction, due to Ginzburg in the case of affine Hecke algebras, provides a collection of simple \(\mathbf H\)-modules. These are precisely the simple integrable modules. -- The paper also give some estimates for the Jordan-Hölder multiplicities of induced modules.