Adiabatic approximation for a two-level atom in a light beam

DOI10.5802/AFST.1367MaRDI QIDQ355212zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Amandine Aftalion, Francis Nier

Publication date 24 July 2013

Published in Annales de la Faculté des Sciences de Toulouse. Mathématiques. Série VI (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1111.3811

zbMATH Keywords

resonant atom-field interactionssynthetic gauge potentialsvortices

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Lasers, masers, optical bistability, nonlinear optics (78A60)

Abstract: Several misprints and small mistakes were in the initial version. They have been corrected. Following the recent experimental realization of synthetic gauge magnetic forces, Jean Dalibard adressed the question whether the adiabatic ansatz could be math- ematically justified for a model of an atom in 2 internal states, shone by a quasi resonant laser beam. In this paper, we derive rigorously the asymptotic model guessed by the physicists, and show that this asymptotic analysis contains the in- formation about the presence of vortices. Surprisingly the main difficulties do not come from the nonlinear part but from the linear Hamiltonian. More precisely, the analysis of the nonlinear minimization problem and its asymptotic reduction to simpler ones, relies on an accurate partition of low and high frequencies (or mo- menta). This requires to reconsider carefully previous mathematical works about the adiabatic limit. Although the estimates are not sharp, this asymptotic analysis provides a good insight about the validity of the asymptotic picture, with respect to the size of the many parameters initially put in the complete model.

Review text

The paper addresses the issue of the mathematically rigorous derivation of an adiabatic approximation for the generic model of a two-level atom resonantly coupled to the laser beam. The analysis is built on the basis of earlier heuristic derivations published in physical literature. The rigorous analysis is based on the separation of low and high frequencies (or spatial wavenumbers). Surprisingly, the most serious technical problems are related not to nonlinear terms of the underlying model, but rather but linear ones. The final estimates are not sharp, but they provide a sufficient understanding of validity of the asymptotic approximation. In particular, it is demonstrated that the approximation provides results about the possibility of the existence of vortices in the two-dimensional setting.

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Cited in

(3)

• High-order approximation to two-level systems with quasiresonant control
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• On the adiabatic approximation for the laser-dressed atom

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