Approximate subgroups of linear groups.
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Abstract: We establish various results on the structure of approximate subgroups in linear groups such as SL_n(k) that were previously announced by the authors. For example, generalising a result of Helfgott (who handled the cases n = 2 and 3), we show that any approximate subgroup of SL_n(F_q) which generates the group must be either very small or else nearly all of SL_n(F_q). The argument generalises to other absolutely almost simple connected (and non-commutative) algebraic groups G over a finite field k. In a subsequent paper, we will give applications of this result to the expansion properties of Cayley graphs.
The authors establish various results on the structure of approximate subgroups in linear groups such as \(\text{SL}_n(k)\) that were previously announced by them. For example, generalizing a result of Helfgott (who handled the cases \(n=2\) and 3), they show that any approximate subgroup of \(\text{SL}_n(\mathbb F_q)\) which generates the group must be either very small or else nearly all of \(\text{SL}_n(\mathbb F_q)\). The argument generalizes to other absolutely almost simple connected (and non-commutative) algebraic groups \(\mathbf G\) over an arbitrary field \(k\) and yields a classification of approximate subgroups of \(\mathbf G(k)\). In a subsequent paper, they promise to give applications of this result to the expansion properties of Cayley graphs.
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