Generalized Lie bialgebroids and Jacobi structures

DOI10.1016/S0393-0440(01)00032-8MaRDI QIDQ5955636zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors David Iglesias, Juan Carlos Marrero

Publication date 13 December 2002

Published in Journal of Geometry and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0008105

Jacobi manifolds Lie algebroids Schouten bracket

Lie bialgebras; Lie coalgebras (17B62) Contact manifolds (general theory) (53D10) Poisson manifolds; Poisson groupoids and algebroids (53D17)

Abstract: The notion of a generalized Lie bialgebroid (a generalization of the notion of a Lie bialgebroid) is introduced in such a way that a Jacobi manifold has associated a canonical generalized Lie bialgebroid. As a kind of converse, we prove that a Jacobi structure can be defined on the base space of a generalized Lie bialgebroid. We also show that it is possible to construct a Lie bialgebroid from a generalized Lie bialgebroid and, as a consequence, we deduce a duality theorem. Finally, some special classes of generalized Lie bialgebroids are considered: triangular generalized Lie bialgebroids and generalized Lie bialgebras.

Review text

The authors introduce and investigate a deformation of the notion of a Lie algebroid and Lie bialgebroid in the sense of \textit{K. Mackenzie} and \textit{P. Xu} [Duke Math. J. 73, 415-452 (1994; Zbl 0844.22005)] in the presence of 1-cocyles in such a way that any Jacobi manifold induces a canonical generalized Lie bialgebroid. More precisely, let \([\cdot,\cdot]\) be a Lie algebroid bracket on a vector bundle \(A\) over \(M\), and let \(\varphi_0\in\Gamma(A^*)\) be a 1-cocycle, i.e. \(\text{d}\varphi_0=0\) for the corresponding de Rham exterior differential \(\text{d}\). Then, one can consider the deformed \(\varphi_0\)-differential \[ \text{d}_{\varphi_0}\omega=\text{d}\omega+\varphi_0\wedge \omega \] and the corresponding \(\varphi_0\)-Lie derivative \({\mathcal L}_{\varphi_0}\). One can also obtain accordingly the \(\varphi_0\)-Schouten bracket \([\cdot,\cdot]_{\varphi_0}\). The pair \(((A,\varphi_0),(A^*,X_0))\) of generalized Lie algebroids is called a generalized Lie bialgebroid if for all \(\mu\in\Gamma(\bigwedge^kA^*)\), \(\nu\in\Gamma(\bigwedge^l A^*)\) \[ \text{d}_{\varphi_0}[\mu,\nu]_{X_0}=[\text{d}_{\varphi_0}\mu ,\nu]_{X_0}-(-1)^k[\mu,\text{d}_{\varphi_0}\nu]_{X_0} \] (in fact, in the paper a different but equivalent condition is given). Now, let \((\Lambda,E)\) be a Jacobi structure on \(M\). Then, the induced canonical Lie algebroid structure on \(A=T^*M\oplus{\mathbb R}\) discovered by \textit{Y. Kerbrat} and \textit{Z. Souici-Benhammadi} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 317, 81-86 (1993; Zbl 0804.58015)] with the 1-cocycle \(\varphi_0((\mu,f)) =-E(\mu)\) forms a generalized Lie bialgebroid with the generalized Lie algebroid \((TM\oplus{\mathbb R},X_0)\), where on \(A^*=TM\oplus{\mathbb R}\) we take the Lie algebroid structure of first-order differential operators \[ [(Y_1+g_1),(Y_2+g_2)]=[Y_1,Y_2]+(Y_1(g_2)-Y_2(g_1)) \] and the 1-cocycle is \(X_0((Y,g))=g\). As a kind of converse, it is proved that on the base of any generalized Lie bialgebroid a Jacobi structure is determined. It is also shown that it is possible to construct a Lie bialgebroid from a generalized Lie bialgebroid, so a duality theorem can be deduced. Finally, some special cases are considered: triangular generalized Lie bialgebroids and generalized Lie bialgebras.

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