Graded identities with involution for the algebra of upper triangular matrices

Abstract: Let

F

be a field of characteristic zero. We prove that if a group grading on

U T_{m} (F)

admits a graded involution then this grading is a coarsening of a

m a t h b b Z^{l f l o o r f r a c m 2 f l o o r}

-grading on

U T_{m} (F)

and the graded involution is equivalent to the reflection or symplectic involution on

U T_{m} (F)

. A finite basis for the

(m a t h b b Z^{l f l o o r f r a c m 2 f l o o r}, a s t)

-identities is exhibited for the reflection and symplectic involutions and the asymptotic growth of the

(m a t h b b Z^{l f l o o r f r a c m 2 f l o o r}, a s t)

-codimensions is determined. As a consequence we prove that for any

G

-grading on

U T_{m} (F)

and any graded involution the

(G, a s t)

-exponent is

m

if

m

is even and either

m

or

m + 1

if

m

is odd. For the algebra

U T_{3} (F)

there are, up to equivalence, two non-trivial gradings that admit a graded involution: the canonical

m a t h b b Z

-grading and the

m a t h b b Z_{2}

-grading induced by

(0, 1, 0)

. We determine a basis for the

(m a t h b b Z_{2}, a s t)

-identities and prove that the exponent is

3

. Hence we conclude that the ordinary

a s t

-exponent for

U T_{3} (F)

is

3

.

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