Inviscid dynamical structures near Couette flow
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Abstract: Consider inviscid fluids in a channel {-1<y<1}. For the Couette flow v_0=(y,0), the vertical velocity of solutions to the linearized Euler equation at v_0 decays in time. At the nonlinear level, such inviscid damping has not been proved. First, we show that in any (vorticity) H^{s}(s<(3/2)) neighborhood of Couette flow, there exist non-parallel steady flows with arbitrary minimal horizontal period. This implies that nonlinear inviscid damping is not true in any (vorticity) H^{s}(s<(3/2)) neighborhood of Couette flow and for any horizontal period. Indeed, the long time behavior in such neighborhoods are very rich, including nontrivial steady flows, stable and unstable manifolds of nearby unstable shears. Second, in the (vorticity) H^{s}(s>(3/2)) neighborhood of Couette, we show that there exist no non-parallel steadily travelling flows v(x-ct,y), and no unstable shears. This suggests that the long time dynamics in H^{s}(s>(3/2)) neighborhoods of Couette might be much simpler. Such contrasting dynamics in H^{s} spaces with the critical power s=(3/2) is a truly nonlinear phenomena, since the linear inviscid damping near Couette is true for any initial vorticity in L^2.
The authors discuss decay in time for non-linear Euler equations in the Sobolev space \(H^s\). The linear inviscid damping near Couette flow holds for any initial vorticity in \(L^2\). It is proved that it is not true for \(s<\frac32\) in any (vorticity) neighborhood of Couette flow. The proof is based on the observation that there exist non-parallel steady flows with arbitrary minimal horizontal periods. In the case \(s>\frac32\), there exist no non-parallel steadily travelling flows \(v(x-ct,y)\) in (vorticity) neighborhoods of Couette flow, and no unstable shears.
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