Quasi-invariant Gaussian measures for the cubic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (Q1682500)

The purpose of this paper is to study the cubic fourth order NLS equation on \(\mathbb{T}\): \[ \begin{cases} i\partial_tu= \partial_x^4(u)\pm | u|^2u, \;(x,t)\in \mathbb{T}\times \mathbb{R}, \\ u(x,0)=u_0(x),\;u(x,t)\in \mathbb{C}. \end{cases}\tag{I} \] First, the Hamiltonian, the mass, and a family of mean-zero Gaussian measures \(d\mu_s\) on Sobolev spaces are defined. Then, an invertible gauge transformation on \(L^2(\mathbb{T})\) is defined. In an appendix it is proved that the equation (I) is globally wellposed in \(H^s(\mathbb{T})\) for \(s\geq 0\). Let \(s>\frac 34\). The main theorem states that the Gaussian measure \(d\mu_s\) is quasi-invariant under the flow of the cubic fourth order NLS (l). The proof is divided into the two cases \(s>1\) and \(s>\frac 34\). A change-of variable formula for integrals on \(d\mu_s\) with a normalizing constant is of considerable importance. The proofs use Liouville's theorem in Hamiltonian mechanics, dominated convergence theorem, Hilbert-Schmidt operator, Egoroff theorem, Fubini theorem, integration by parts, Strichart estimate, Plancherel's identity, Young, Cauchy-Schwarz and Hölder inequalities.