3-D axisymmetric subsonic flows with nonzero swirl for the compressible Euler-Poisson system (Q1692730)

The paper deals with the steady Euler-Poisson system \[ \begin{cases} \text{div}\,(\rho\mathbf{u})=0,& \\ \text{div}\,(\rho\mathbf{u}\otimes\mathbf{u}+pI_n)=\rho\nabla\Phi,& \\ \text{div}\,(\rho\mathbf{u}\mathcal{B})=\rho\mathbf{u}\cdot\nabla\Phi,&\\ \Delta_{\mathbf{x}}\Phi=\rho-b(\mathbf{x}),& \end{cases} \] that describes the local behaviour of the electron density \(\rho,\) the macroscopic particle velocity \(\mathbf{u}\) and the total energy \(\mathcal{E} = |\mathbf{u}|^2/2 + e\), with the internal energy \(e\). Further on, \(\rho\nabla\Phi\) stands for the Coulomb force of electron particles, \(\mathcal{B}\) is the Bernoulli function, and \(b(\mathbf{x})>0\) is the prescribed density of fixed, positively charged background ions. The authors prove structural stability of three dimensional axially symmetric subsonic flows with nonzero swirl (that is, nonzero angular momentum) for the above system in a circular cylinder of finite length without assumptions of small momentum or small flow speed. The approach is based on a special Helmholtz-type decomposition for three dimensional subsonic flows in the form \[ \mathbf{u}=\nabla\varphi+\text{curl}\,\mathbf{V},\quad \mathbf{V}=h\mathbf{e}_r+\psi\mathbf{e}_\theta \] where \(\varphi,\) \(h\) and \(\psi\) are functions of \((x_1,r)\) in terms of the cylindrical coordinates \((x_1,r,\theta),\) \(r=\sqrt{x_2^2+x_3^2}.\)