System theory and orthogonal multi-wavelets (Q1711826)

Using a linear control system, the authors present another characterization of compactly supported multi-wavelets. If \(\{p_j \in {\mathbb C}^{M\times M}:\,j=0,\ldots,n\}\) is the mask of an orthogonal scaling function and if \(\{q_j \in {\mathbb C}^{M\times M}:\,j=0,\ldots,n\}\) is the mask of the corresponding orthogonal multi-wavelet, then the authors introduce the polynomial map \(F(z) = \sum_{j=0}^n F_j\, z^j\), \(|z| \leq 1\), with \[ F_j = \sqrt 2 \, \begin{pmatrix} p_{2j} & q_{2j}\\ p_{2j+1} & q_{2j+1} \end{pmatrix}\,, \quad j=0,\ldots, N=\lfloor \frac{n}{2} \rfloor\,. \] In the scalar case \(M=1\), one has \(q_j = (-1)^j\,p_{n-j}\). Using the quadrature mirror filter condition, i.e., \(F^{\ast}(z)\,F(z) = I\) for \(|z|=1\), it is shown that \(F(z)\) can be interpreted as transfer function of the conservative linear control system \( F(z) = A + z \,B\,\ell_N (z)\), \(\ell_N (z) = C + z\, D\,\ell_N (z)\), where \[ \begin{pmatrix} A & B\\ C & D \end{pmatrix} \] is a unitary block matrix with \(A \in {\mathbb C}^{2M \times 2M}\), \(B \in {\mathbb C}^{2M \times 2M N}\), \(C \in {\mathbb C}^{2M N \times 2M}\), and \(D \in {\mathbb C}^{2M N \times 2M N}\). For the special cases \(N=1\) and \(N=2\), examples are given.