Dahlberg's theorem in higher co-dimension (Q1731875)

The background to this substantial paper is the well-known result of \textit{B. E. J. Dahlberg} [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 65, 275--288 (1977; Zbl 0406.28009)] concerning the absolute continuity of harmonic measure with respect to surface area measure on the boundary of a Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb{R}^{n} $. The main aim of the authors is to establish an analogue of this theorem for Lipschitz graphs of dimension $d$, where $d < n-1$. More precisely, they construct a linear degenerate elliptic operator $L$ such that the associated harmonic measure $\omega _{L}$ is absolutely continuous with respect to Hausdorff measure on a $d$-dimensional Lipschitz graph $\Gamma $ with small Lipschitz constant, and the density is a Muckenhoupt $A^{\infty }$ weight. In fact, they provide sufficient conditions on the matrix of coefficients of $L$ which ensure this absolute continuity of $\omega _{L}$. \par The strategy of the proof is to: 1) construct a suitable bi-Lipschitz change of variables that maps $\Gamma $ to a $d$-dimensional plane $P_{0}$; 2) show that, for a large class of degenerate elliptic operators on $\mathbb{R} ^{n}\backslash P_{0}$, the square function/non-tangential maximal function estimates hold for bounded solutions and imply the absolute continuity of the associated harmonic measure with respect to $d$-dimensional measure on $ P_{0}$. The higher codimension of $\Gamma $ presents new and significant technical challenges. \par The main results of this paper were previously announced in [the authors, C. R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 355, No. 4, 406--410 (2017; Zbl 1365.28002)].