Determinant structure for \(\tau\)-function of holonomic deformation of linear differential equations (Q1795131)

The paper deals with a differential equation of the form \[ \frac{dy}{dx}=A(x)y,\quad A(x)\in {{M}_{n}}(\mathbb{C}(x))\tag{1} \] without logarithmic singularities. Previously (see [the second author and the third author, Math. Z. 285, No. 1--2, 397--431 (2017; Zbl 1365.34148)]), the authors successfully used the results of solving two approximation problems of Hermite and constructed a class of Schlesinger transformations for equation (1) in the case when this equation is Fuchsian. In the present paper, the same methods are used to study holonomic deformations of equation (1). The holonomic deformations of equation (1) are such changes of the position of singular points and characteristic exponents which do not change the group of wild monodromy of the equation. This means that the differential Galois groups for the initial and transformed equations coincide. In the paper the authors construct the Schlesinger transformation that shifts the characteristic exponents at \(x=\infty\) by a positive integer \(n\) and ``present a determinant formula for the ratio of \(\tau\)-functions (\(\tau\)-quotient)'' for the initial and transformed equations.