Cohen-Macaulay differential graded modules and negative Calabi-Yau configurations (Q2006065)

The paper describes a generalisation of the classical commutative notion of a Cohen-Macaulay module to a derived, non-commutative setting. Specifically, the paper examines the bounded derived category of differential graded (dg) modules over a Gorenstein differential graded algebra satisfying certain homological conditions, and it defines a \textit{Cohen-Macaulay dg module} as a certain element of this category whose higher cohomology is zero. This coincides with the classical definition precisely when the algebra is concentrated in degree 0. Taking \(CM(A)\) to be the category of Cohen-Macaulay modules over a dg algebra \(A\), the article focuses on understanding some categorical properties of \(CM(A)\), and also on providing a combinatorial interpretation in some useful cases. After introducing some important categorical and combinatorial machinery in Sections 1 and 2, the paper goes on in Section 3 to describe Auslander-Reiten theory in this derived setting. Unlike in the classical case, \(CM(A)\) is not an exact category, but the first main theorem of the article (Theorem 0.3) proves that it can be described as an \textit{extriangulated category}, with a canonical triangulated quotient category \(\underline{CM}(A)\), and in particular, \(CM(A)\) is functorially finite and satisfies an Auslander-Reiten duality. In Section 4, the paper explores a particular illustrative example, namely the case where A is a truncated polynomial algebra with zero differential. Then it goes on in Section 5 to explore the notion of a Calabi-Yau (CY) configuration on a triangulated category. It explores the role of CY-configurations within the study of Cohen-Macaulay modules, and ultimately proves that the set of simple \(A\)-modules forms a CY-configuration in \(\underline{CM}(A)\) (Theorem 5.6). The section concludes by exploring a combinatorial interpretation of a CY-configuration, fittingly called a combinatorial configuration, and proves that these two notions are equivalent. After a brief interlude exploring trivial dg extensions in Section 6, the article goes on in Section 7 to explore the combinatorial picture further, which leads to a proof of the main result of the article (Theorem 7.1). This result concerns the integer mesh category \(\mathbb{Z}\Delta\) of a Dynkin diagram \(\Delta\), and it states that any CY-configuration on the natural Serre quotient \(\mathbb{Z}\Delta/\mathbb{S}[d]\) of the mesh category gives rise to a dg algebra A and an Auslander-Reiten quiver of \(\underline{CM}(A)\). In the final section, the paper outlines a more combinatorial proof of this result in the case where the Dynkin diagram is \(A_n\). Overall, I would say that this article is very valuable, and I would recommend it to anyone interested in the interplay between representation theory, derived categories and combinatorics.