Reconstructing GKZ via topological recursion (Q2007747)

The authors give a construction of a class of GKZ equations arising from the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory of projective spaces via the topological recursion, by using the idea of quantum curves which relates the topological recursion correlators to the WKB formal solution of a certain Schrödinger-type differential or difference equation. The authors focus on the GKZ equations arising from the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory with the target space \(X\) which is either the projective spaces \(\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}_{\boldsymbol{w}}\) or smooth Fano complete intersections \(X_{\boldsymbol{w},\boldsymbol{\lambda}}\) of \(n\) (\(< N\)) degree 1 hypersufaces inside \(\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}\), specified by the equivariant parameters \({\boldsymbol{w}}\in\mathbb{C}^N\) and \(\boldsymbol{\lambda}\in\mathbb{C}^n\) with respect to the torus actions on the target space. The authors observe that the GKZ equations are of the form \(\widehat{A}(\widehat{x},\widehat{y})J_X(x)=0\), where \(J(x)\) denotes the Givental's \(J\)-function, and \(\widehat{x}\) and \(\widehat{y}\) act on it by \(\widehat{x}J_X(x)=xJ_X(x)\) and \(\widehat{y}J_X(x)=\hbar x\frac{d}{dx}J_X(x)\). On the B-model side (i.e., the Landau-Ginzburg model side) of the mirror symmetry, this GKZ equation is also regarded as the equation satisfied by the ``equivariant oscillatory integral \(\mathcal{I}_X (x)\).'' Since the GKZ equation is a Schrödinger-type equation, one can take the classical limit \(A_X (x, y) \in \mathbb{C}[x, y]\) of the differential operator \(\widehat{A}(\widehat{x},\widehat{y})\). The authors call the algebraic curve \(A_X (x, y) = 0,\) the GKZ curve and show that all the GKZ curves for \(X = \mathbb{CP}^{N-1}_{\boldsymbol{w}}\) and \(X_{\boldsymbol{w},\boldsymbol{\lambda}}\) are of genus 0. Therefore there exist a pair of rational functions \(x = x(z)\) and \(y = y(z)\) which parametrize it. Thus, one may regard the GKZ curve as a spectral curve \((\mathbb{CP}^1, x(z), y(z))\) for the topological recursion. The authors show that the GKZ curves satisfy the ``admissibility condition'' proposed in [\textit{V. Bouchard} and \textit{B. Eynard}, J. Éc. Polytech., Math. 4, 845--908 (2017; Zbl 1426.14009)], indicating that there exist a Schrödinger-type differential equation, with the GKZ curve being its classical limit, which annihilates the wave function \(\psi(D)\) defined by a certain WKB-type formal series where \(D\) denotes an integration divisor on \(\mathbb{CP}^1\). The authors formulate their main result as a theorem stating that for the GKZ curve corresponding to \(\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}_{\boldsymbol{w}}\) or \(X_{\boldsymbol{w},\boldsymbol{\lambda}}\), the corresponding wave function \(\psi (D)\) satisfies the GKZ equation which is satisfied by the \(J\)-function \(J_X\) and the mirror equivariant oscillatory integral \(\mathcal{I}_X\). This theorem claims that the GKZ equations are reconstructible from the GKZ curve through the topological recursion. More precisely, there exists an appropriate choice of the integration divisor \(D\) which realizes the GKZ equation as a quantum curve. This theorem also implies that the WKB solution has an alternative meaning in the B-model description; it agrees with the saddle point expansion of the oscillatory integral \(\mathcal{I}_X\) up to some normalization factor. For certain oscillatory integrals the authors specify the factor and obtain a full-order coincidence of the asymptotic expansion of \(\mathcal{I}_X\) and the wave function. The authors discuss the string dualities behind their proposal, especially by considering the \(J\)-function as the vortex partition function and brane partition function in the open topological A-model and B-model. The authors also compute the total Stokes matrices for the quantum curve arising from equivariant \(\mathbb{CP}^1\) by using the exact WKB method. They also examine a wall-crossing formula and equivariant version of the Dubrovin's conjecture [\textit{B. Dubrovin}, Doc. Math. Extra Vol., 315--326 (1998; Zbl 0916.32018)] in this particular case.