Tau-functions à la Dubédat and probabilities of cylindrical events for double-dimers and CLE(4) (Q2039593)

Summary: Building upon recent results of \textit{J. Dubédat} [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 21, No. 1, 1--54 (2019; Zbl 1468.60013)] on the convergence of topological correlators in the double-dimer model considered on Temperleyan approximations \(\Omega^\delta\) to a simply connected domain \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{C}\) we prove the convergence of probabilities of cylindrical events for the \textit{double-dimer loop ensembles} on \(\Omega^\delta\) as \(\delta\to 0\). More precisely, let \(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_n\in\Omega\) and \(L\) be a macroscopic lamination on \(\Omega\setminus\{\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_n\} \), i.e., a collection of disjoint simple loops surrounding at least two punctures considered up to homotopies. We show that the probabilities \(P_L^\delta\) that one obtains \(L\) after withdrawing all loops surrounding no more than one puncture from a double-dimer loop ensemble on \(\Omega^\delta\) converge to a conformally invariant limit \(P_L\) as \( \delta \to 0\), for each \(L\). Though our primary motivation comes from 2D statistical mechanics and probability, the proofs are of a purely analytic nature. The key techniques are the analysis of entire functions on the representation variety \(\operatorname{Hom}(\pi_1(\Omega\setminus\{\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_n\})\to\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb C)\) and on its (non-smooth) subvariety of locally unipotent representations. In particular, we do \textit{not} use any RSW-type arguments for double-dimers. The limits \(P_L\) of the probabilities \(P_L^\delta\) are defined as coefficients of the isomonodromic tau-function studied in [loc. cit.] with respect to the Fock-Goncharov lamination basis on the representation variety. The fact that \(P_L\) coincides with the probability of obtaining \(L\) from a sample of the nested CLE(4) in \(\Omega\) requires a small additional input, namely a mild crossing estimate for this nested conformal loop ensemble.