Elliptic measures and square function estimates on 1-sided chord-arc domains (Q2074712)

Let \(\Omega \subset \mathbb R^{n+1}, n\ge 2\) be a 1-sided CAD (chord-arc domain) domain. Let \(Lu = - \mathrm{div}(A\nabla u)\) be a variable coefficient second order divergence form operator with \(A(X)=(a_{i,j}(X))_{i,j=1}^{n+1}\) being a real matrix with \(a_{i,j}\in L^\infty(\Omega)\). Suppose further that \(A\) is uniformly elliptic, that is, there exists \(\Lambda\ge 1\) such that \[ \Lambda^{-1}|\xi|^2\le A(X)\xi\cdot \xi, \ \ \ |A(X)\xi\cdot \eta| \le \Lambda|\xi||\eta|, \forall \xi, \eta\in \mathbb R^{n+1} \ \text{and a.e. }X\in \Omega. \] Associated with the operator \(L\), we can construct the elliptic measure \(\{\omega^X_L\}_{X\in \Omega}\). The main aim of this article is to find characterizations of the absolute continuity of the surface measure with respect to the elliptic measure associated with \(L\). The authors prove the equivalence between the absolute continuity and the finiteness almost everywhere of the conical square function applied to any bounded weak solution. As applications, the authors obtain some additional results regarding a connection between the absolute continuity properties of the harmonic measure and the elliptic measure of \(L\), its adjoint, and its symmetric part.