Sparse domination and weighted inequalities for the \(\rho\)-variation of singular integrals and commutators (Q2082308)

This paper deals with variation operators of singular integrals and their commutators and gives pointwise sparse domination results for these variation operators. If \(\tau= \{T_\varepsilon\}_{\varepsilon>0}\) is a family of operators and one assumes that \(\lim_{\varepsilon\to 0}T_\varepsilon f(x)=Tf(x)\) exists in some sense, then the \(\rho\)-variation operator is defined as \[ \nu_\rho(\tau f)(x)=\sup_{\varepsilon_i\to 0}\,\left(\sum^\infty_{i=1}|T_{\varepsilon_{i+1}} f(x)|-T_{\varepsilon_i}f(x)|^\rho\right)^{1/\rho}, \] where \(\rho>1\) and the supremum is taken over all sequences \(\{\varepsilon_i\}\) decreasing to zero. Given a kernel \(K(x,y)\) which satisfies the size condition \[ |K(x,y)|< c/|x-yl^n\tag{1} \] and the \(L^r\)-Hörmander condition (denoted by \(K\in\mathcal{H}_r\)), the truncated singular integral operator \(\tau= \{T_\varepsilon\}_{\varepsilon>0}\) and the commutators \(\tau_{b}= \{T_{\varepsilon,b}\}_{\varepsilon>0}\) with \(b\in\text{BMO}(\mathbb{R}^n)\) are given, respectively, by \[ T_\varepsilon(f)(x)= \int_{|x-y|>\varepsilon}K(x,y)f(y)dy, \] \[ T_{\varepsilon,b}(f)(x)=\int_{|x-y|>\varepsilon}[b(x) -b(y)]K(x,y)f(y)dy. \] The following families of sets, named sparse families, play an important role: if \(\mathcal{D}\) is a dyadic lattice, a subset \(S\subset\mathcal{D}\) is a \(\mu\) sparse family with \(\mu\in(0,1)\) if for every cube \(Q\), one can find a measurable subset \(E_Q\subset Q\) such that \(\mu|Q|<|E_Q|\), where all the \(E_Q\) are pairwise disjoint. The main result of the paper establishes a sparse domination for the variation operators corresponding to the operators \(\tau\) and \(\tau_b\) associated to a kernel \(K\in\mathcal{H}_r\) satisfying (1). More precisely: For \(1<r\le\infty\), \(\rho>2\), and \(b\in L^1_{\text{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^n)\), if \(\nu_\rho(\tau)\) is bounded on \(L^{q_0} (\mathbb{R}^n, dx)\) for some \(1<q<\infty\), then for every \(f\in C^\infty_\varepsilon(\mathbb{R}^n)\) there exist \(3^n\) sparse families \(S_j\) such that \[ \nu_\rho(\tau f)(x)\le C(n,r^\prime,q_{0^\prime}\Vert\nu_q(\tau)\Vert_{L^{q_0}\to L^{q_0}}) \sum^{3^n}_{j=1} \sum_{R\in S_j} \langle|f|^{r^\prime}\rangle_R^{1/\nu'} \chi_R(x), \] where \(\langle|f|^{r^\prime}\rangle_R= \frac{1}{|R|} \int_R |f(y)|^{r^\prime} dy\). Analogous estimates are given for \(\nu_\rho(\tau_b f)(x)\). Applying the above conclusion for \(\nu_\rho\tau\) the authors obtain sharp weighted estimates for the variation operators of singular integrals. From the estimate for \(\nu_\rho\tau_b\) they obtain quantitative weighted bounds for the variation operators of commutators of singular integrals, which are new.